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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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State
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Organizations that maintains a monarchy of violence; through public institutions.
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Nation
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Human community with geographic, linguistic, cultural, or historyic ties.
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Regime
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Norms and rules regarding individual freedoms and collective equality, loansof power and use of power.
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Government
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Leadership within the state.
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Political Culture
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History, values, beliefs, traditions.
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Legitimacy
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The authority is regarded as "proper."
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Traditional Legitimacy
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State is obeyed because of tradition.
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Charismatic Legitimacy
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Magnetic appeal
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Rational-Legal Legitimacy
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Laws and procedures that have been highly institutionalized.
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Sovereignty
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The ability for a state to carry out ations independently (Weak, strong, failed)
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Head of Government
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Deals with everyday tasks.
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Head of State
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Symbol, internationally and nationally recognized.
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Correlation
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An apparant association between certain factors and variables.
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Causation
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When a change in one variable auses a change in another; Not related.
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Political Cleavage
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Characteristics that overlap.
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Democracy
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System of government where people choose policymakers in free, regulation competitive elections.
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Illiberal Democracy
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Some personal rights/civil liberties are limited; lack of free speech.
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Communism
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Emphasizes economi equality rater than individual/economi freedoms.
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Corporatism
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When busiess, labor, and government work together in policymaking.
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Cooptation
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Favors in exchange for a benefit.
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Political Ideology
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Universal sets of political values regarding the fundamental goals of politics.
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Liberalism (As an Ideology)
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Places a high priority on plitical and economic freedom over any attempts at economic EQUALITY.
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Libertarian
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An ideology favoring little government interferene in the economy and personal freedoms.
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Political Attitude
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A set of political values regarding the fundamental goals of politics.
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Liberalism (As an Attitude)
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Promote evolutionary change within the system.
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Reactionary
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Rapid change to restore political, social and economic institutions.
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Conservatism (As an Attitude)
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Supporting the status quo.
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Proportional Representation
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More than one legislative seat is contested in each electoral district.
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First Past the Post/Single Member District
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One representative for each constituency; winner take all.
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GDP (Gross Domestic Product)
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Total market vaue of goods and services.
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PPP (Purchasing Power Parity)
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Estimate the real buying power.
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Gini Index
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Measures economic inequality (0-100)
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Human Development Index (HDI)
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Health, education - Measures the well-being and standard of living.
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Devolution
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Handing down of power to regions and localities.
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Civil Society
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Comprises the organizations outside the state that help define.
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Clientelism
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States provide benefits to groups of political supporters.
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Judicial Review
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Court reviews law and policies; can overturn if seen fit.
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Legislature
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Branch of government that makes laws.
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Parliamentary System
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Executive head of government elected from within the legislature; usually from the majority party.
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Presidential System
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Head of state and head of government, directly elected president, checks and balances.
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Semi-Presidential System
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Prime Minister and a President.
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Civil Society
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Comprises the organizations outside the state that help define
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Clientelsm
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States provide benefits to groups of politcal supporters.
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Totalitarianism
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Seeks to transofrm fundamental aspects of state, society and economy; usually with organization and force.
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Radical
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Rapid, extensive nd other revolutionary change.
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Elite Recruitment
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Individuals can be selected for office through election, appointment, birth and auction.
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Politics
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The struggle for power; who get's what when and how?
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Power
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The ability to get people to do what you want - even if it is against their own will.
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Country
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The state, government, and regime that are within a political system.
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Constitution
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Rules that specify the relationship between the people, the government and the state itself.
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Authoritarian
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Limited involvement in politics for public, based on coersion rather than political legitimacy.
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Theocracy
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Combined political and religious leader, gets most of legitimacy through religion.
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Political Economy
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How the economy shifts the balance of freedom/equality.
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Developed Countries
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High income per capita, industrialized, High HDI rating.
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Developing Countries
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Working toward "Developed," low standard of living (HDI)
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Under-Developed Countries
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Lacks industrialization, infrastructure, agriculture, natural resources.
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Globalization
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Deepening of global connections
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Command Economy
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When the government makes decisions concerning output/imput rather than the market.
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Economic Liberalization
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Policy to remove politics that control the economy.
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Democratization
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Spread of democracy and representation in other countries.
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Civil Servants
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Those who administer, but don't make policy.
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Civil Service
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Hiring based on skills rather than politics, replaced the spoils system.
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Prebendalism
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Form of praion-client politics that legitimizes the exploitation of government power to benefit office holders.
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Technocrat
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A bureaucrat who makes decisions off of technoical issues, rather than political ones.
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Fusion of powers
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A system of government in which authority of government is concentrated into one ruling body.
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