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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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tyranny
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coercive rule, usually by one person
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Siberia
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from Russian for "north", that part of Russia east of the Ural Mtns
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Constantinople
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capital of Byzantium, conqured by the Turks in 1453
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Cyrillic
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Greek-based alphabet of Eastern Slavic languages
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Enlightenment
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18th-century philosophical movement advocating reason and tolerance
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Tatar
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Mongol-origin tribes who ruled Russia for centuries (not Tartar)
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tsar
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from "caesar", Russia's emperor. sometimes spelled "czar", Polish style
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autocracy
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absolute rule of one person in centralized state
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exclave
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part of country separated from main territory
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caesaropapism
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combining top civil ruler (caesar) with top spiritual ruler (pope), as in Russian's tsars
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Ukraine
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from Slavic for "borderland", region south of Russia, now independent
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Westernizers
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19th-century Russians who wished to copy the West
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Slavophiles
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19th-century Russians who wished to develop Russia along native, non-Western lines, also known as "Russophiles"
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constitutional monarchy
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king with limited powers
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zemtsvo
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local parliaments in old Russia
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revolution
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sudden and complete overthrow of a reime
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Narodniki
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from Russian for "people", narod; radical populist agitators of late 19th-century Russia
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proletariat
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according to Marx, class of industrial workers
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communism
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economic theories of Marx combined with organization of Lenin
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imperialism
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powerful, rich countries spreading their influence around the globe
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Bolshevik
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"majority" in Russian; early name for Soviet Communist party
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Duma
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Russia's national parliament
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war communism
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temporary strict socialism in Russia 1918-1921
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New Economic Policy
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Lenin's New Economic Policy that allowed considerable private activity, 1921-1928
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Five-Year Plans
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Stalin's forced industrialization of Soviet Union starting in 1928
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capital goods
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implements used to make other things
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consumer goods
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things people use, such as food, clothing, and housing
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gensek
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Russian abbreviation for "general secretary", powerful CPSU head
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CPSU
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Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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paranoia
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unreasonable suspicion of others
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purge
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Stalin's "cleansing" of suspicious elements by firing squad
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Cold War
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period of armed tension and competition between the US and the Soviet Union, approx 1947-1989
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weak state
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one unable to govern effectively; corrupt and crime-ridden
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system change
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displacement of one set of political institutions by another
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Central Committee
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large, next-to-top governing body of most Communist parties
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apparatchik
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"man of apparatus", full-time CPSU functionary
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Politburo
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"Political bureau", small, top governing body of most Communist parties
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interior ministry
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in Europe, department in charge of homeland security and national police
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republic
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first-order civil division of Communist federal systems, equivalent to US states
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bureaucratization
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heavily controlled by civil servants
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nomenklatura
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lists of sensitive positions and people eligible to fill them, the Soviet elite
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Gosplan
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Soviet central economic planning agency
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federalism
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system in which component areas have considerable autonomy
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first-order civil division
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main territorial unit within countries, such as Canadian provinces
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Land
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Germany's first-order civil division, equivalent to US state
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center
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in federal systems, powers of nation's capital
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junta
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group that pulls military coup
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coup
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extralegal seizure of power, usually by military officers
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Central Asia
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lands between Caspian Sea and China, formerly part of Russia and Soviet Union
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turnout
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percentage of those eligible to vote in a given election
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semipresidentialism
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strong president aided by a prime minister
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de facto
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in fact, even if not formally admitted
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State Duma
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lower house of Russia's parliament
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chauvinism
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extreme nationalism
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