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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Trabeculae |
Bony portions of spongy bone the surround open spaces |
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Crondocytes |
Cartilage cells |
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Osteocytes |
Bone cells |
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What is the significance of the epiphyseal line? |
As long as a layer of cartilage called the epiphyseal plate remains between the epiphysis and diaphysis, growth continues. Growth ceases when all epiphyseal cartilage is transformed to bone. |
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What is the process called where bones are formed from cartilage? |
ossification |
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What are the parts of long bone? |
Articular cartilage, periosteum, endosteum, |
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what bones are in the axial skeletal system? |
Consists of bones that form the axis of the body which include the bones of the skull, rib cage, vertebral column bones of inner ear and the hyad bone. 80 bones |
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What bones are in the appendicular skeletal system? |
Consists of bones that anchor the appendages to the axial skeleton which include the clavicle and scapula, arm and forearm, hands, pelvis, thigh, legs, and feet. 126 bones |
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Where is long bone located and where does hematopoiesis take place? |
Equally in the epiphysis, diaphysis, medullary cavity |
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What are the joints in an infant skull called? |
Fontanels then sutures when they become a bone |
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What are the joints in the bones in an adult skull called? |
Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, ethmoid, mandible, maxillary, zygomatic |
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Where is the articular cartilage located and why is it important? |
Thin covering between epiphysis (between bones) ; acts as a cushion |
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Osteon |
Circular calcified matrix arranged in layers that surrounds the haversian system |
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Lamella |
Each ring osteons is called lanella |
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Lacunae |
Space between hard layer of lumallae |
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Canaliculi |
Connect the lacunae and central Haversian canal so nutrients can reach the bone cells from the blood vessels |
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Central canal |
Haversian system |
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Tendons |
Connects muscles to bones; made up of cartilage; move the bone or structure |
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Ligaments |
Connect bones to each other; fibrous connective tissue; holds structures together and keep them stable |
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Synarthrosis |
Type of joint with no movement; ex: sutures of skull |
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Amphlarthrosis |
Joint with slight movement; ex: syphilis pubis |
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diarthrosis |
Free movement; most joints are this type |
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Name some diarthrosis joints |
Ball and socket - shoulder, condyloid - carpal bones, hands - elbow, gliding - vertebrae, battle - thumb, pivot - axis and Atlas in neck |
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What is the first vertebra and what movement does it allow |
Atlas and allows head to nod yes |
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What is the second vertebrae and what movement does it make |
Axis and allows head to shake no |
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What are the three bones in the infant that later fuse together to become the coxal bone? |
Ilium, ischium, and symphysis pubis |
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Osteoarthritis |
No on inflammatory degenerative joint disease |
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osteosarcoma |
malignant neoplasm of bones |
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Osteoporosis |
Bones lose minerals and become less dense |
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Rickets and osteomalacia |
vitamin D deficiency in young children and adults |
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What is the general name for inflammatory joint diseases |
Rheumatoid arthritis |
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Name 3 types of arthritis |
flexi on, extension, rotation, circumduction, abduction, adduction |
