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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Recombinant DNA
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A DNA molecule made in vitro with segments from different sources.
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Resriction Enzymes
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A degradative enzyme that recognizes and cuts up DNA (including that of certian phages) that is foreign to a bacterium.
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Gel Electrophoesis
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The separation of nucleic acids or protiens, on the basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through an electrical field in gel.
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DNA Fingerprint
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An individual's unique collection of DNA resriction fragments, detected by electrophoesis and nucleic acid probes.
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Biotechnology
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The manipulation of living organisms of their components to produce useful products.
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Nucleic Acid Hybridization
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Base pairing between a gene and a complementary sequence on another nucleic acid molecule.
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Polymerase Chain Reaction
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A technique for amplifying DNA in vitro by incubating with special primers, DNA polymerase molecules, and nucleotides.
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Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLP's)
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Differences in DNA sequences on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of restriction fragment lengths.
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Restriction Fragment
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DNA segment resulting from the cutting of DNA by a restriction enzyme.
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Restirction Site
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A specific sequence on a DNA strand that is recognized as a "cut site" by a restirction enzyme.
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Southern Blotting
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A hybridization technique that enables researchers to determine the presence of certain nucleotide sequences in a sample of DNA.
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Cloning Vector
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An agent, usually a plasmid, used to transfer DNA in genetic engineering.
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Sticky Ends
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A single-stranded end of a double-stranded DNA restriction fragment.
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Vaccine
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A harmless variant or derivative of a pathogen that stimulates a host's immune system to mount defenses against the pathogen.
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Denaturation
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In proteins, a process in which to protein unravels and loses its native confomation, becoming inactive. In DNA, the separation of the double helix.
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DNA Ligase
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A linking enzyme essential for DNA replication; catalyzes the covalent bonding of the 3' end of a new DNA fragment to the 5' end of a growing chain.
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Gene Cloning
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The production of multiple copies
of a gene. |
