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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gross Anatomy
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study of large body structures visible to naked eye
ex: heart, lungs, kidneys |
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System Anatomy
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covers anatomy system by system
ex: left leg or abdomen |
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Regional Anatomy
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covers all structures in particular region
ex: cardiovascular or urinary system |
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Surface Anatomy
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the study of internal structures as they relate to overlying skin
ex: a body builders bulging muscles |
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Microscopic Anatomy
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all structures too small to be seen by the naked eye
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Cytology
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study of cells
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Histology
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study of tissues
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Levels of Structural Organization
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chemical to cellular to tissue to organ to organ system to organism
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How many organ systems are there and what are they?
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11 organ systems, and they are: Integument (skin,hair, nails), Skeletal, Muscular (skeletal), Lymphatic/Immune system, Respiratory, Digestive, Nervous, Endocrine, Cardiovascular, Urinary, and Reproductive.
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Minor Body Cavities
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Oral, Nasal, Orbital, Middle ear, Synovial cavities( joint cavities)
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Synthesis
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2 or more molecules combine to form a more complex molecule.
ex: body building |
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Decomposition
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when molecules are broken apart (reverse synthesis)
ex: weight loss |
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Exchange
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involve both synthesis and decomposition
ex: digestion |
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Structural Proteins (FIBROUS)
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long, stable, and strand like and can be rope shaped and packed side by side to provide mechanical strength
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Functional Proteins (GLOBULAR)
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compact, 3D, chemically active molecules, plays a critical role in ALL biological processes, have functions like immunity, hormones, and enzymes (catalysts)
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NOTES:
Proteins are held together by hydrogen bonds which can be broken apart by low pH, high body temp, or poison (alcohol). |
NOTES:
The process by which a protein unfolds from its coiled shape is called DENATURATION. Denaturing protein means breaking up proteins |
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Nucleic Acids (DNA & RNA)
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largest molecules in the human body, made up of structural units call NUCLEOTIDES
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Nucleotides
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1. a sugar molecules ( deoxyribose in DNA, and ribose in RNA)
2. phosphate molecule, which just help makes the deoxyribose and ribose stronger 3. and 4 nitrogen base form in the DOUBLE HELIX (spiral staircase) |
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NOTES:
1 codon is 1 amino acid 1 gene (can consist of thousands of codons) is 1 enzyme Our gene only contains 46 chromosomes, 23 from our mom and 23 from our dad. |
NOTES:
DNA REPLICATE (reproduces itself), and gives INSTRUCTION (gives information for building every protein/enzymes in the human body) |
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Synthesis
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to manufacture
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