Psy2012 - Exam 1 Review

Front 1

Miranda holds a master's degree and works with patients in clinics and hospitals as part of a therapeutic team. Her typical duties include evaluating patients and their families by visiting the patients' homes, schools, or workplaces to help alleviate their problems. Miranda is most likely which type of mental health professional?

Back 1

psychiatric social worker

Front 2

In-depth studies of Phineas Gage, Michael Melnick, and each of the Genaine sisters are examples of

Back 2

case studies

Front 3

When current knowledge about an individual and his or her environment can be used to accurately forecast behavior at another time or in another setting, the scientific goal of ____ has been achieved

Back 3

prediction

Front 4

The random selection of subjects by the researcher is used to produce a(n)

Back 4

representative sample.

Front 5

________ studied color vision and was ranked among the 50 most important psychologists in America in 1906.

Back 5

Christine Ladd-Franklin

Front 6

When a psychologist uses scientific observation, these observations must

Back 6

be planned and confirmed by more than one observer.

Front 7

Which of the following is NOT one of the six elements of the scientific method?

Back 7

critiquing previous research

Front 8

Latoya's mother has established a reward system in which Latoya earns one gold star for each chore she completes each day. If she earns 25 stars by the end of the week, Latoya's mother will take her to play at the "fast food restaurant's" playground for two hours. Latoya's mother is using which psychological approach?

Back 8

be havioristic

Front 9

One of the disadvantages of the correlational method is that

Back 9

the relationships observed between variables may be caused by some unknown third factor.

Front 10

______ is an ability to evaluate, compare, analyze, critique, and synthesize information

Back 10

Critical thinking

Front 11

According to your textbook, which of the following is NOT a pseudo-psychology?

Back 11

psychoanalysis

Front 12

Psychology's history as a science began in

Back 12

1879 in Leipzig, Germany

Front 13

Animals are used in psychological research because

Back 13

psychologists are interested in the behavior of all living creatures,animal models of behavior can often be applied to human behavior,the study of animals can both benefit both animals and humans

Front 14

An arch of tissue at the rear of the temporal lobes, called the primary somatosensory area, directs the body's muscles

Back 14

FALSE

Front 15

If you gesture more with your left hand, you probably process language

Back 15

in your right hemisphere.

Front 16

A glandular secretion that affects body functions and behavior is known as

Back 16

a hormone

Front 17

Damage to the left hemisphere may cause a problem known as spatial neglect

Back 17

FALSE

Front 18

The new brain cells that are formed each day through neurogenesis most likely are involved in

Back 18

learning, memory, our ability to adapt to changing circumstances

Front 19

Which of the following pairs contains the 'master gland' and its master?

Back 19

pituitary---hypothalamus

Front 20

The literal translation for the term ____ is 'half-globes.'

Back 20

hemispheres

Front 21

The proportion of left-handers in _______ is half that found in ________.

Back 21

collectivist cultures; individualistic cultures

Front 22

Working in Montreal in the 1950s, ________ found self-stimulation sites, or "pleasure centers" in the rat's brain and showed how rats would endure even painful shocks to receive a stimulation of this "pleasure center."

Back 22

James Olds

Front 23

An individual nerve cell is known as a

Back 23

neuron

Front 24

According to Roger Gould, North American adults experience two "crisis" points in their development, which are the crisis of ______ and the crisis of ______.

Back 24

questions; urgency

Front 25

The bedtime distress that occurs when babies are left alone at night can sometimes be eased by a(n) _______, such as a stuffed animal or favorite blanket.

Back 25

security object

Front 26

______ comes from the same conditions that help babies become securely attached to their parents.

Back 26

Trust

Front 27

According to the author of your textbook, the general guidelines for using physical punishment include

Back 27

that spankings are most effective for children ages two to five years,that parents should separate their disapproval of the act from disapproval of the child,that parents should reserve spankings for situations that pose an immediate danger to younger children

Front 28

According to Benloucif, Bennett, and Rosenzweig, the rats that were raised in the enriched cage environments

Back 28

were superior at learning mazes.

Front 29

If Andy refuses to do his own laundry, he will have nothing to wear, which illustrates a natural consequence.

Back 29

TRUE

Front 30

Every life is marked by a number of _______, which are notable events, markers, or turning points in personal development.

Back 30

developmental milestones

Front 31

You leave your child with a babysitter. When you return, your child ignores you. Your child's behavior indicates an insecure-ambivalent attachment.

Back 31

FALSE

Front 32

To say that a child is egocentric means that he or she is

Back 32

unable to assume the viewpoint of others.

Front 33

According to Chomsky, humans have a biological predisposition to develop language

Back 33

TRUE

Front 34

When we say a child's thinking is less abstract than an adult's, we mean that

Back 34

children use fewer generalizations, categories, and principles.

Front 35

Researchers Bridges and Sroufe believe that our first attachments to our parents

Back 35

influence how we relate to our friends and lovers

Front 36

When Sidney misbehaves, his mother takes away his phone privileges or takes away his video game system. Sidney's mother is using the ______ discipline method.

Back 36

power assertion

Front 37

Margo and Robert pick up their baby Bobby from the daycare. Even though Bobby is now sleepy, they begin to play with him. However, the next morning when Bobby is actively cooing, smiling, and kicking his feet to get their attention, they ignore Bobby's overtures as they rush around to get ready for work. These parents are exhibiting a lack of

Back 37

sensitive caregiving.

Front 38

Hearing loss caused by the immobilization of the auditory ossicles

Back 38

can sometimes be overcome by the use of hearing aids,is called conductive hearing loss,may result from disease or injury

Front 39

At low levels of illumination, looking next to an object rather than directly at it would produce

Back 39

improved acuity, but poor color vision.

Front 40

A long-time rock musician probably suffers from a conductive hearing loss

Back 40

FALSE

Front 41

When listening to your favorite television program, hearing the various sounds of the actors' voices and the background sounds and music would be an example of perception, while interpreting the meaning of the actors' words is an example of the process of sensation.

Back 41

FALSE

Front 42

Since many poisons disturb the vestibular system, vision, and the body and caused vomiting, we may have evolved so that we react to ________, which also disturbs these systems, by vomiting

Back 42

sensory conflict

Front 43

The latest cochlear implants make use of the ______ theory to separate higher and lower tones

Back 43

place

Front 44

Regarding absolute thresholds, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Back 44

Unpleasant stimuli tends to significantly lower one's threshold for recognition.

Front 45

People who have to move from lighted surroundings to night darkness use red light illumination. This is because

Back 45

the rods are insensitive to red light.

Front 46

Ben Underwood, who has been sightless since the age of three, makes clicking sounds with his tongue and uses _______ to navigate through the world.

Back 46

echolocation

Front 47

Regarding the retina of the eye, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Back 47

The retina consists of many more cones than rods

Front 48

Messages from the body's pain reminding system

Back 48

pass through the pain gate and on to a central biasing system

Front 49

Grandpa teased his grandchildren by saying that they have little hammers, anvils, and stirrups in their heads. They hollered, 'No, you're wrong, PaPa.' However, their grandpa was right, since these are the common names for the

Back 49

auditory ossicles.