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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Identity |
learned personal and social types of affliction, including gender, sexuality, race, class, nationalism, and ethnicity for example. |
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who thinks the Inuit baby begins to know shes important almost the moment she is born? |
Hugh Brody |
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Brody says that we are not born knowing who we are but... |
We learn to be it |
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Enculturation: |
: the process through which individuals learn an identity. This can encompass parental socialization, the influence of peers, the mass media, government, or other forces. |
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imagined community |
A term coined by Benedict Anderson in 1983. It refers to the fact that even in the absence of face to face interactions, a sense of community (eg nationalism) is culturally constructed by forces such as the mass media. |
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Nature versus nurture and who coined it? |
this phrase coined by Francis Galton in 1874, references a long standing scholarly debate concerning whether or not human behaviours and identities are the result of nature (biological and genetic factors) or nurture (learned and cultural factors). |
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What did Margaret Mead Agure? |
that the experiences of adolescents varied depending on the culture in which they were raised. |
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IIdentity is constructed and affirmed through... |
Social Process |
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Who said.."understand social action as an encounter in which participants form a visible public for each other and perform for one another" |
Goffman/dramaturgy |
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who felt that some people, by virtue of their class, race, or other factors, were better suited to reproduce as they were more ‘fit’ to survive in society |
Galton |
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Foucault’s concern is ? |
to create a history of the different modes by which, in our culture, human beings are made subjects |
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what society •Names serve to perpetuate the wide kinship web and stress the concept of extended family |
Umbundu |
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Why develop new vocabulary to describe the dynamics of marriage? |
–Systems found in one culture may not have parallels in other cultures, and therefore warrants new culturally specific vocabulary |
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Define Kinship |
•Individuals linked through socially recognized bonds, usually through decent or marriage. |
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Define Consanguieneal |
Related by blood |
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Define Affinal Kin |
realted through marriage |
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Define Clan |
Individuals trace their descent back to a mythical ancestor |
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Define Lineage |
Trace their decsent back to a known ancestor |
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Define Patrilineal |
Decent is traced or ran through male lines. Social links are organized to emphasis male links |
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Materilineal |
descent traced through female line. A man's child is not a memeber of his matriliange |
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Define Polygamy |
Marriage of more than one spouse |
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Define polygyny |
More than one wife |
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Define polyandry |
More than one husband |
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Franklin and MacKinnon argue that |
in fact the study of kinship itself is symbolic of the anthropological tradition. |
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Define Ethnographic present: |
use of the present tense to describe a culture, although the description may refer to situations that existed in the past. |
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Who was one of the first anthropolosit to study kinship? |
David Schneider |
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David Schnedier concluded what about kinship |
It's a cultural system not a bilogical one |
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Define Bilaterally |
A system which individuals trace through both parents |
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Define Bride Service |
The requirement that when a couple marries the groom must work for the brides parents |
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Define exogamy |
A rule that requires one person to marry someone outside one's own group |
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Define endogamy |
A rule that requires a person to marry someone inside of one's grou[ |
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Bridewealth |
The valuables that a groom & family are expected to present to the brides family |
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Define partible inheritance |
A form of inheritance in which the goods are divided among the heirs |
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Define impartible inheritance |
A form of inheritance what is passed undivided to one heir |
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Define Metaphors |
take language from one domain of experience, such as the domain of the body or the domain of animals, and apply it to another domain, such as landscape, features or persons. |
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Define World view |
Shared culutral assumption |
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The Kwakwaka believe that greed, conflict and child rearing can be solved by controlling...? |
Hunger |
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Modern Magic is based on the assumption that mind and thought |
that it can affect matter without the intervention of the thinker's actions |
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What are the three world views of the Dene Tha? |
1) learn by observing and doing 2) To replace experience with objectified instruction is to turn knowledge into a commodity 3) To interefere with another's direct experience is seen to be infringing on the autonomy of the other to gain knowledge |
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The kwakwa's believe the human mind is? |
Permanent |
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The tsimhain people names depend on? |
Social Standing |
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Define Individualisyic |
A view of the self in which the individual is primarily responsible for his or her own actions. |
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Define Holistic |
When an individuals sense of self cannot be conceved as exsiting seperatly from society or apart from his or her status role. |
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Who came up with two distinct ways in which a person is concived into a society? |
Richard Schweder and Edmund Bourne |
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Define Egocentric |
A view of the self that defines each person as a relica of all humanitiy as the location of motivation and drives and as capable of acting independtely from others |
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Define Sociocentric |
A context dependent view of self; self exists as an entity only within the concrete situtations or roles occupied by the person |
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Are Japenesse more Ego or socio? |
Socio |
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Jorge Chimbinda said that the Portuguese colonizers tried to do what to umbundu's identity? |
Tried forcing people to discar their Umbundu names and use portuguese names |
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How do societies distinguish individuals? |
With identity markers such as Gender, family, age, ethnicitiy, status etc |
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Who introduced the concept of rites of passage? |
Arnold van Geenep |
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Define Rites of passage |
Referes to rituals that accompant changes in status such as the transition from boyhood to manhood, living to dead, student to grad |
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Van Gennep defines three stages of passage, what are they? |
1) Separation B) liminality 3) reincorporation |
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David Gilmore said men must differeinate themselves from? |
Their mothers |
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Marcel Mauss defined which principal?
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Principal of reciprocity |
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Define Principal of reciprocity |
gift giving involves recipocity; the idea of exchange creates a feeling of obligation which must be repaid. |
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Define Kula Ring |
A system of inter-island gift exchnage documented by anthropologist Malinowski in the trobiand islands. It invloves the exchange of shell necklaces and armbands |
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What did Margaret Anderson study? |
Potlatch |
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Define potlatch |
a feast that legitimates a change in social relations such as a funeral, creates a new identity or reinforces social staus |
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Define commodity |
Traditionally commdies are items that involve a transfer of value and a counter transfer. A sells something to B then it's done. No longstanding relationship |
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Define Indigenous Peoples |
Groups of people whose ancestors pre-date the arrival of Europrean or other forms of colonialism who share a culture that is different from mainstream and self goverment |
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Define toteisum |
the use of a symbol, generally an animal or plant as a physical representation for a group/ generally a clan |
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Define rituals |
A dramatic rendering or social portrayla of meanings shared by a specific body of people i a way that makes them seem correct and proper |
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Define symbolic actions |
activites (such as rituals, myths, art, dance) that dramatically depict the meanings shared by a specific body of people |
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Define domanin of experience |
an area of human experince in which a person borrows the meaning and applies to something else |
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Define Key Metaphors |
A term to identify metaphors that dominate the meanings that people in a specific culutre attribute to their experience |
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define Key Scenarios |
Dominant stories or myths that portray the values and beliefs of a specific society |
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Who suggests that contemporary zombie stories have much to do with “the implosion of neoliberal capitalism at the end of the twentieth century |
Jean and John Comaroff |
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Define revitalization movement |
by a people to construct a more satisfying culture |
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Define Syncretization |
The term given to the combination of old beliefs or religions and new ones that are often introduced during colonization |
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Define creole |
A term used to refer to the formation of slave socities in the caribbean in which elements of African and European cultures were merged |
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Define precriptive rules |
tell individuals how to behave; in the context of marriage, defines eligible or potential spouses (positive rules) |
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Define prohibitve rules |
tell individuals what not to do negatibe rules |
