Ancient Rome

Front 1

Around 700 B.C. people from ____ in _____ began leaving to start new colonies in parts of the Mediterranean region.

Back 1

Sparta, Greece

Front 2

Greek colonists were attracted to the land of ____ because the land was rich and fertile.

Back 2

Italy

Front 3

Italian city that dominated all the other cities of the region

Back 3

Rome

Front 4

shape of the Italian peninsula

Back 4

kicking boot

Front 5

island west of the "toe" of the Italian peninsula

Back 5

Sicily

Front 6

mountains that form the northern border of Italy

Back 6

Alps

Front 7

mountains that form the "backbone" of the Italian peninsula

Back 7

Apennine

Front 8

plain located on the west coast of central Italy

Back 8

Latium

Front 9

river that runs through the center of the Latium Plain

Back 9

Tiber

Front 10

city located beside the Tiber River on northern edge of Latium Plain

Back 10

Rome

Front 11

About 2700 years ago, a king was ____ by his younger brother.

Back 11

overthrown

Front 12

twin boys, rescued by wolves, helped grandfather regain the throne, said to be founders of Rome (on hilltop where they were rescued)

Back 12

Romulus and Remus

Front 13

Rome grew and expanded across ______ hills

Back 13

seven

Front 14

____ served as a highway for travel and trade goods between mountains and the Mediterranean coast

Back 14

Tiber River

Front 15

____ provided rich soil for farming on the Latium Plain

Back 15

ash from volcanoes

Front 16

6 food items grown by Latium farmers

Back 16

beans, cabbage, lettuce, figs, fruits, grapes

Front 17

grapes were used to make this

Back 17

wine

Front 18

Before Rome was founded, the ____ settled on plains northwest of the Tiber River called ____

Back 18

Etruscans
Etrusca

Front 19

Around ____, the Etruscan army conquered much of the Italian peninsula

Back 19

575 B.C.

Front 20

Around ____ , the Etruscan kings were overthrown by leading families of Rome

Back 20

509 B.C.

Front 21

two ways geography of Italy is similar to Greece

Back 21

(1) mostly surrounded by water
(2) mountains bordered by fertile plains

Front 22

geographic features that make Rome's location a favorable one

Back 22

(1) on Tiber River
(2) on seven hills

Front 23

About how many years did Rome remain a republic?

Back 23

500

Front 24

to prevent a law; to day no

Back 24

veto

Front 25

men in charge of government funds

Back 25

quaestors

Front 26

Roman officials who had charge of public buildings

Back 26

aediles

Front 27

Roman officials who kept records of people and taxes due

Back 27

censors

Front 28

Roman officials who were the chief judges

Back 28

praetors

Front 29

Roman officials who had the power to enforce laws

Back 29

magistrates

Front 30

the two most important magistrates who had to agree with each other on important issues

Back 30

consuls

Front 31

to become a member of the ____ a man must have been a magistrate for a year.

Back 31

senate

Front 32

Members of the senate advised the ____

Back 32

consuls

Front 33

elected by plebeians; could not make laws; could veto actions by magistrates or consuls

Back 33

tribunes

Front 34

leader who was not elected by the people, but who ruled by force

Back 34

dictator; Julius Caesar

Front 35

advantages of joining Roman army

Back 35

1 pay 2 food 3 place to live
4 learn a trade
5 land or money at retirement

Front 36

disadvantages of being a Roman soldier

Back 36

1. not allowed to marry 2. began age 16 3. lasted 20-25 years 4.far from home long time 5.might be killed

Front 37

born in 100 B.C. to a wealthy patrician family in Rome

Back 37

Julius Caesar

Front 38

former name of country today known as France

Back 38

Gaul

Front 39

Julius Caesar joined forces with ____ and helped her defeat her brother, the pharaoh of egypt

Back 39

Cleopatra

Front 40

month named for Julius Caesar on the Julian calendar

Back 40

July

Front 41

Ides of March

Back 41

March 15, 44 B.C. when Julius Caesar was killed

Front 42

Caesar's friend who participated in Julius Caesar's assassination

Back 42

Brutus
"Et tu Brutus"

Front 43

by 25 B.C. Caesar's grand-nephew and adopted son, _______, defeated Caesar's armies and took control of Roman Empire

Back 43

Octavian

Front 44

new name of Octavian which means "honored one"

Back 44

Augustus

Front 45

Roman peace; time under Augustus

Back 45

Pax Romama

Front 46

3 things Augustus ordered built during Pax Romama

Back 46

1. theaters
2. aqueducts
3. temples

Front 47

high arched structure built to carry water over long distances

Back 47

aqueduct