Ancient Rome

Front 1

Etruscans

Back 1

alien culture, civilization who invaded and were hated by Romans, Romans swore never to have monarchy again

Front 2

Romulus and Remus

Back 2

Romulus founded Rome and killed Remus so he couldn't take over

Front 3

Patricians

Back 3

wealthy upper class held the power and influence and could sit in Senate

Front 4

Plebians

Back 4

lower class consisted of farmers, had little or no power, were only used for land or arms because they could fight in the army

Front 5

Quaestors

Back 5

financial officials who assisted the consuls

Front 6

Nobiles

Back 6

New class formed by wealthy Plebians marrying Patricians; they could be a part of the Senate

Front 7

Law of the 12 Tables

Back 7

first attempt to codify Rome's harsh customs, Greatest contribution of Rome because people now knew their relationship to the law and they knew their rights

Front 8

Hortensian Law

Back 8

any bill introduced by Plebian assembly would become law without Senate's approval

Front 9

Foederati

Back 9

allies of Rome

Front 10

Punic Wars

Back 10

conflicts between the Romans and the Carthaginians

Front 11

Hannibal

Back 11

was in command of Carthaginian forces in Spain during the Second Punic War

Front 12

Latifundia

Back 12

abandoned farms were taken over by the wealthy, turned into large plantations for growing cash crops

Front 13

Populares

Back 13

roman politicians who sought to pursue a political career based on the support of the people rather than just the aristocracy

Front 14

Optimates

Back 14

represented the interests of the Patricians and the Senate (called themselves the Best People)

Front 15

Tiberius Gracchus

Back 15

made a land reform bill that no one could own or lease 620-640 acres or else it would be distributed among the Plebians;this caused conflict because land owners weren't happy, most people opposed the idea

Front 16

Gaius Gracchus

Back 16

also wanted change, he proposed the reelection of consuls and tribunes, administrative reforms, and the citizenship for non Romans

Front 17

Marius

Back 17

takes Plebians and pays them to be in the army so they are more loyal to Marius than they are to Rome

Front 18

1st Triumvirate

Back 18

Pompey, Crassus, Julius Caesar controlled rome with each having their own army. Pompey has legions, Crassius is manipulative with money, and Julius Caesar has support of Plebians. Crassius pays JC's debts, JC's daughter Julia marries Pompey

Front 19

2nd Triumvirate: Lepidus, Marc Antony, Octavian

Back 19

they join together to fight the assassins, and Octavian comes out as master of the Mediterranean world

Front 20

Julio-Claudian Emperors

Back 20

Tiberius, Caligula, Claudius, Nero

Front 21

Flavian Emperors

Back 21

Vespasian, Titus, Domitian

Front 22

Antonine or 5 Good Emperors

Back 22

Nerva, Trajan, Hadrian, Anotnius Pius, Marcus Aurelius

Front 23

Diocletion

Back 23

makes tetrarchy- one consul above 2 augusti, above 2 caesars

Front 24

Constantine

Back 24

comes to throne to stabilize Rome-used Christianity as moral force of unification of empire; first Christian emperor of Rome

Front 25

Theodosius

Back 25

during his rule, Rome becomes un-Roman because the barbarians are all moving into Rome

Front 26

Salic Law

Back 26

Germanic custom: only sons can inherit territory or property

Front 27

Cicero

Back 27

lawer/statesman that wrote documents about philosophy, he was an honest politician

Front 28

Vergil

Back 28

wrote about the glory of Rome

Front 29

Celsus

Back 29

wrote manual on surgery

Front 30

Roman Law

Back 30

greatest contribution of Rome

Front 31

Fall of Rome

Back 31

-taxation avoided by upper class, -lead pipes, -they didn't have their own culture anymore