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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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neurons
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masses of nerve cells that react with changes in surroundings (nervous tissue)
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dendreite
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recieves
branched=communicate with other neurons receptive may have spines may have many dendrites |
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axon
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carries information in or out of brain or to other neurons
vary in size and shape |
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neuroglial cells
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supporting cells in nervous tissue
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synapse
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small space between neurons
allows electrochemical messages to be sent between neurons |
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neurotransmitter
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carries info from one neuron to another
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Central Nervous System
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brain
spinal cord |
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Peripheral Nervous System
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nerves and cell bodies outside the CNS that connect them to other body parts: cranial nerves and spinal nerves
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Sensory Receptors
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picks up sensory information and delivers it to the CNS.
ends of peripheral neurons receive input "afferent" |
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motor division
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carries information to muscles and/or glands nuerons carry info to effectors
"efferent" |
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somatic nervous system
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carries information to skeletal muscle usually concious activities
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autonomic nervous system
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carries information to smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glands
subconsious |
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Cell Body
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contains: cytoplasm, mitochondria, lysosomes, golgi app, microtubules
neucleus mature neurons don't divide |
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sensory neurons
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afferent
carry impulse from periphery to CNS specialized receptor ends or are near receptor cells |
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interneurons
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in the CNS
link neurons carry out integrativ functions and transmit from one part to another |
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motor neurons
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carry impulses away from CNS to muscles glands etc.
can be accelerators or inhibitory can be voluntary or involuntary |
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schwann cells
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peripheral nervous system
myelin sheath around axon |
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oigodendrocytes
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CNS
mylinating cell one cell myelinate many axon |
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microglial cells
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CNS
Phagocytice bacteria and debris go up in numbers when CNS is injured |
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Astrocytes
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shaped like star
many processes form scar tissue that fills spaces following injury to cns aid in ion concentration regulation |
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myelin
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insulating layer around an axon
like rubber insulation on a wire moostly lipids and proteins |
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Nodes of Ranvier
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gaps in sheaths between schwann cells
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Neurilemma
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cytoplasm and nuclei of cell outside myelin sheath
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white matter
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contains myelinated axons
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gray matter
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contains unmyelinated structures
cell bodies, dendrites |
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multiple sclerosis
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symptoms: blurred vision, numb legs or arms, can lead to paralysis
causes: myelin destroyed in various parts of CNS hard scars form nerve impulses blocked |
