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57 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Anatomy |
The science of body structure & the relationship among them |
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Physiology |
Is the science of body function |
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Cell |
The structure & functional basic or unit of life |
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Tissues |
Are groups of cells &the material surround them that work together |
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Dissection |
Is the careful cutting a part of the body structure to study their relationship |
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Organ |
Compose of 2 or more different types of tissues & they have specific function and shape |
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Organ system |
Consist of related organ that have a common function |
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Organism |
Any living individual |
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The six levels of structural organization of the human body |
Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system & organismal |
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What all organisms carry & from what they distinguish them? |
Carry on certain processes that distinguish them from nonliving things |
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What are the among of life processes in humans? |
Metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth,differentiation,and reproduction. |
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Homeostasis |
Equilibrium in the body's internal environment produced by the interplay of all the body's regulatory processes |
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Body fluid are |
Intracellular & extracellular fluid |
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Intracellular fluid |
Inside cells, the composition of the surrounding fluid must be precisely maintained at all time |
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Extracellular fluid |
Outside cells, divide 2 major type of blood plasma |
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Where the disruption of homeostasis came from? |
From external & internal stimuli & psychological |
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When disruption of homeostasis is mild & temporary |
Responses of body cells quickly restore balance in the internal environment |
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If the disruption is extreme on homeostasis |
The regulation of homeostasis may fail |
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Systems acting together or separately regulate homeostasis |
The nervous & endocrine system |
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What nervous system do? |
It detects body changes & send nerve impulses to counteract changes in controlled conditions |
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What endocrine system do? |
It regulated homeostasis by secreting hormones |
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The 3 types of feedback system are |
Receptor, Control, & Effector |
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Receptors |
Monitor changes in controlled conditions & send input to control center |
Afferent pathway |
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Control |
Center sets the value at which a controlled conditions should be maintained, evaluates the input it receives from receptors |
Efferent pathway |
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Effectors |
Receive output from the control center & produce a response that alters the control condition |
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If the response reverse the original stimulus |
The system is operating by negative feedback |
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If a response enhances the original stimulus |
The system is operating by positive feedback |
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Disruption of homeostasis & homeostasis imbalances can lead to? |
Disorders, diseases & even death |
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A Disorder is? |
A general term for any abnormality of structure or function |
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A Disease is? |
An illness with a definite set of signs & symptoms |
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Symptoms are |
Subjective changes in body functions that are apparent to an observer |
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Sign are |
Objective changes thatvcan be observed & measured |
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Anatomical position |
Standing upright, facing forward, feets are flat & on the floor, palms turned forward |
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Principal regions |
Head, neck, trunk, upper limbs, & lower limbs |
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Examples of Anatomical & corresponding common names |
Thoracic (chest), Nasal (nose), Carpal (wrist), |
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What indicate Directional terms? |
The relationship of one part of the body to another |
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Planes are |
Imaginary flat surfaces that are used to divide the body or organs to visualize interior structure |
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Midsagittal plane |
Divides the body or an organ into equal right & left sides |
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Parasagital plane |
Divides the body or organ I to unequal right & left sides |
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Frontal plane |
Divides the body or organ into anterior & posterior portion |
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Oblique plane |
Passes through the body or an organ at the oblique angle |
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Transverse plane |
Divides the body or an organ into superior & inferior portions |
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Sections are? |
Cuts of the body or it's organs made long a plane |
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Body cavities are |
Spaces in the body that helps protect, separate, & support internal organs |
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Meninges are? |
Protective tissues that line the cranial cavity |
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Viscera are |
Organs within the thoracic & abdominopelvic |
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A serous membrane lines ______ And adheres to the _______ |
the wall of the cavity viscera |
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The 3 thoracic cavity |
A pericardial cavity & 2 pleural cavities |
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Pericardial cavity contains |
The heart |
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2 Pleural cavities contains |
Each contains a lung |
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The central part of thoracic cavity is an ______ ? it is located _________ ? It contains _________? Except ________? |
Anatomical region called mediastinum..... between the pleural cavities, extending from sternum to the vertebral column & from rib to the diaphragm.... all thoracic viscera.. the lungs |
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The abdominopelvic cavity is divided into |
a superior abdominal & inferior pelvic cavity |
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Viscera of the abdominal cavity include |
The stomach, spleen, liver, gallbladder, small intestine, & most of the large intestine |
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Serous membrane line the _______ & ______ & cover the _____ within them |
Wall of the thoracic.... abdominal cavities.. organ.... |
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The serous membrane include |
The pleura, associated with lungs, the pericardium associated with the heart & peritoneum associated with abdominal cavity |
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The abdominopelvic is divided into 9 region & they are |
Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right inguinal (iliac), hypogastric (pubic),& left inguinal (iliac), |
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The quadrant of abdominopelvic cavity |
Right upper quadrant (RUQ), left upper quadrant (LUQ), right lower quadrant (RLQ), & left lower quadrant (LLQ) |
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