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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two subdivisions of posterior cervical triangle |
Occipital triangle, aka omotrapezoid
and
Supraclavicular (subclavian) triangle, aka omoclavicular |
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Muscular contents of the posterior cervical triangle |
Semispinalis capitis Splenius capitis Levator scapulae Scalenus medius Inferior belly of omohyoid Sternocleidomastoid
also: spinal part of accessory nerve (and several other nerves) |
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Torticollis: congenital (wry neck) |
Results from 1. fibrous tissue that develops in sternocleidomastoid before birth (as in case of mal-positioned head in utero) which shortens muscle fibers or 2. shortly after birth (in which infant's head was pulled too much during breech delivery, tearing sternocleidomastoid fibers)
A hematoma occurs -- develops into a fibrotic mass that entraps a branch of CN XI, causing head to tilt toward, and face to tilt away from affected side
Treatment: surgical release of sternoclediomastoid from its inferior attachments |
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Torticollis: spasmodic (cervical dystonia) |
Abnormal tonicity that begins in adulthood; involves sternocleidomastoid and trapezius; sustained turning, tilting, flexing or extending neck; (usually pscyhogenic) and occurs involuntarily
Treatment: Section the spinal component of the accessory nerve |
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Boundaries of anterior triangle of neck |
Anterior median line of neck Inferior border of mandible (extends to mastoid process) Anterior border of sternocleidomastoid muscle Apex is the sternal notch |
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Suprahyoid muscles and innervation |
Digastric - V3 and VII Stylohyoid - VII Geniohyoid - C1, traveling w/ XII Mylohyoid - V3 Hyoglossus - XII |
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Infrahyoid muscles and innervation |
Omohyoid - Ansa hypoglossi Thyrohyoid - C1 traveling with XII Sternohyoid - Ansa hypoglossi Sternothyroid - Ansa hypoglossi |
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Muscles that perform elevation of hyoid and, secondarily, the larynx; raise floor of mouth during swallowing |
My Dad Gets Stoned
Mylohyoid Digastric Geniogyoid Stylohyoid |
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Muscles that depress mandible |
Man Gets Dumped
Mylohyoid Geniogyoid Digastric |
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Muscles that retract hyoid |
Stylohyoid Posterior belly of digastric |
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Muscles that elevate hyoid |
Anterior belly of digastric Geniohyoid |
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Triangles within the anterior triangle
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Submandibular Carotid Submental Muscular |
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Submandibular triangle: composition of floor, contents of triangle |
Composition of floor: Mylohyoid muscle Hyoglossus muscle
Contents of triangle: Hypoglossal nerve Submandibular gland Mylohyoid nerve Facial artery and vein Stylohyoideus |
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Carotid Triangle: boundaries and contents |
Boundaries: Posterior belly of digastric Superior belly of omohyoid Sternocleidomastoid
Contents: (External) carotid artery Internal jugular vein Vagus nerve Ansa cervicalis Hypoglossal nerve |
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Veins of carotid triangle branching off common trunk of internal jugular vein |
Facial, lingual, anterior branch of retromandiblar |
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Submental triangle (unpaired) margins |
Body of hyoid Anterior bellies of right and left digastric muscles |
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Muscular triangle boundaries |
Superior belly of omohyoid Anterior border of sternomastoid Median plane of neck to hyoid bone |
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Muscles that depress hyoid; by steadying hyoid --> supra hyoid muscles can depress jaw |
Sternohyoid Omohyoid |
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Muscle that draws cartilage upward --> high notes |
Thyrohyoid |
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Muscle that draws cartilage downward --> low notes |
Sternothyroid |
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Muscle that draws hyoid laterally as head is turned |
Omohyoid |
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Muscular triangle contents |
Inferior thyroid vessels Superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve Trachea Thyroid gland Parathyroid glands |
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Superior laryngeal nerve internal branch |
sensory to larynx above vocal folds |
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Superior laryngeal nerve external branch |
motor to inferior constrictors and criciothyroideus |
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Recurrent laryngeal nerve |
Sensory below the vocal folds Motor to all muscles of larynx except cricothyroideus |
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Inferior alveolar nerve |
sensory to lower jaw |
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Ansa cervicalis |
(ansa hypoglossi)
nerve loop that comes from C1-C3; sits on top of internal jugular vessels
innervates sternothyroid, sternohyoid, and omohyoid |
