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107 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what connects biceps brachii m. and extensor carpi radialis m.?
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Lacertus fibrosus
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Which ridge of the trochlea of the femur is most important in patellar lock?
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The larger medial ridge
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What goes through tarsal canal?
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DDF
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Name continuations of femoral artery?
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1. femoral a.
2. popliteal a. - after caudal femoral a. splits off on dorsomedial side of stifle; passes thr. two heads of gastronmeius m. 3. cranial tibial a. - goes btw. tibia and fibula 4. dorsal pedal a. - passes over flexor surface of tarsus 5. great metatarsal a. |
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Main blood supply to carpus/manus?
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medial palmar artery
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1. provides main innervation to structures of the manus ?
2. divides above carpus into ____ which descend the limb |
The median n.
divides above carpus into medial and lateral palmar nerves |
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When does dorsal pedal a. become great metatarsal a.?
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after perforating tarsal a. branches off and goes thr. tarsus
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Where does saphenous arise from?
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femoral a. (in femoral triangle); travels caudomedially.
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Nerves supplying the dorsal aspect of the distal forelimb (antebrachium and on) are: (name four)
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1. Dorsal branch of the ulnar nerve
2. medial cutaneous antebrachial nerve (branch of musculocutaneous n.) 3&4. dorsal branches from medial and lateral palmar (proper) digital nn. ~last couple are only nerves to dorsal aspect of digits |
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identify
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see picture
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Which accessory ligaments present in hind limb?
In forelimb? |
; DDF, not for SDF b/c inserts on calcaneus according to Pasquini (p.191)
both in forelimb |
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Does SDF insert on calcaneus bone?
Does DDF insert on calcaneus bone? |
Does SDF insert on calcaneus bone?
YES (that is does not have proximal check ligament / accessory.tendon like in forelimb) NO, instead it goes thr. tarsal canal created flexor retinaculum |
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just above fetlock, medial palmar n. becomes the _______..
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just above fetlock, medial palmar n. becomes the *medial (palmar proper) digital n.*
(runs along side of lateral palmar proper digital n. on abaxial side) |
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Calcanean tendon is primarily* formed by what two muscles?
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SDF, gastrocneius m.
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Where do peroneus tertius m. and long digital extensor m. originate?
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extensor fossa of femur
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when/where does axillary a. start?
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Subclavian a. becomes axillary a. after subscapular a. splits off
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when/where does axillary a. become brachial a.?
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axillary a. becomes brachial a. ,,,,after common interosseus a. breaks off
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Name 3 annular ligaments:
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1. plantar/palmer annular ligament
2. proximal digital annular ligament 3. distal digital annular ligament |
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Identify
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long plantar ligament
occupies lateroplantar aspect of hock (from calcaneus to 4th tarsal and metatarsals). Stabilizes calcaneus when under force of common calcaneal tendon. |
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identify structure in image of hock
(What artery runs lateral to metatarsal IV?) |
see pic
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identify 1-8
note: #7 is ligament, #6 and #8 are impressions, also impression to right of #5 |
1 left lateral lobe of liver
2. left medial lobe of liver 3. quadrate lobe 4. right lobe 5. portal vein w/duodenal impression below it 6. esoph.impression / hilus 7. triangular lig. 8. gastric impression |
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Lateral and medial palmar proper digital arteries are branches of -------
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Medial palmar artery
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is front limb where accessory (check) ligament of DDF attach?
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back of carpus
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cranial most muscle on forelimb ?
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extensor carpi radialis
(common digital extensor is slightly lateral, w/LDE behind that) |
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caudal most muscle on forelimb ?
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lateral ulnar m.
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what two tricep heads visible on medial side?
(deep to what???????????????????) |
* long head (deep to tensor fascia antebrachii) <--largest
* medial head (more cranial. tow. middle) |
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what two tricep head visible on lateral side?
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*LONG head <--larger, more caudal tricep head
* lateral head |
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Digital veins ->_____ -> cephalic v.
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palmar v.
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flexors of digits and carpus are innervated by?
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median and ulnar n.
therefore these nerves must pass thru caudolateral part of antebrachium |
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what muscles are innervated by radial n.?
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Extensors of arm (triceps), and Extensors of carpus/digits! Although does not extend to carpus, musc.parts of extensors (CDE, LDE) are more proximal.
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Which muscle is present in extensor retinaculum and extensor groove (on Cr/L aspect) but is flexor of carpus?
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Ulnaris lateralis m.
(also innervated by radial n.) |
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Where does ulnaris lateralis m. insert?
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accessory bone
(extensor ulnaris lateralis m. and flexor ulnaris lateralis m. both insert on accessory bone) |
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What is path of radial n. and where does it extend to?
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* starts caudal to humerus, goes around lateral side (innervating tricep muscles)
* Arise on Cr/L aspect of the distal humerus. * running deep along cranial side * stops before getting to carpus/hock! on very front of distal humerus |
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identify
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2. Infraspinatus m.
3. Deltoideus m |
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Where on the patella is the parapatellar fibrocartilage found?
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Medial angle
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identify
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Medial group
1. Subscapularis m. 2. Teres major m. 3. Coracobrachialis m. |
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identify muscles
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1. triceps brachii m.
2. tensor fascia antebrachii m. |
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what nerve is at risk if humerus breaks?
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radial n., runs right on bone
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Where are flexors of carpus and digits located on forearm?
Which flexor has 3 heads? |
caudomedial aspect, in "flexor groove"
flexor carpi radialis, FCU, SDF, DDF (3 heads) FYI: 1 of 3 heads of DDF is actually superficial to SDF? |
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where do common and lateral digital extensors originate?
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lateral epicondyle of humerus
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identify
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ulnar n.
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identify
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medial n.
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what muscle is superficial cervical lymph node attached to or deep to?
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brachiocephalicus m. w/omohyoideus m. attached also on bottom
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identify muscle
what is major function? |
Supraspinatus m.
Important function is stabilization of the shoulder joint Extends shoulder joint |
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what nerve is at risk if humerus breaks?
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radial n., runs right on bone
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ulnar nerve divides into ?
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dorsal br. of ulnar nerve
palmar br. of ulnar nerve |
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Where do br. of ulnar nerve meet br. of median nerve ?
Where nerve does this form? |
Palmar br. of ULNAR nerve joins with lateral branch of MEDIAN nerve to form:
LATERAL PALMER NERVE |
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What bones are located in the proximal row of the hock joint?
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Talus
Calcaneus |
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What bones are located in the middle and distal rows of the hock joint?
Which two are fused? Which is two stories? |
T1 and T2 (fused)
T3 and T4 (T4 is two story bone) |
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Oviduct/uterine tube parts cranio-caudally:
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Infundibulum - Ampulla - Isthmus
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part of the cervix that projects into the vagina is called portio vaginalis, it _______ in the horse.
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forms the annular fornix
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identify muscles in lateral shoulder shown
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see picture
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identify muscles in lateral shoulder shown
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see picture
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identify muscles in medial shoulder shown
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see pic
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Where does the dorsal limb of the cunean tendon insert on?
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Metatarsal 3
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What bursa lies under the cunean tendon and over the medial collateral ligament of the hock?
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Subtendinous or cunean bursa
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Above the fetlock the medial palmar a. divides into ____ which course on the abaxial surfaces of the proximal sesamoid bones
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medial/lateral palmar proper digital aa.
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identify structures from stifle - medial view
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see pic
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What structure does the medial cutaneous antebrachial n. (from musculocutaneous) course over?
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Lacertus fibrosus
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identify structures in image of hock
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see pic
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What is located between insertion of accessory gluteal muscle
AND cranial part of greater trochanter of the femur? |
trochanteric bursa
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Where does the medial limb of the cunean tendon insert on?
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Tarsals 1 and 2
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Which patellar ligaments is attached to the parapatellar fibrocartilage/parapatellar ligament of patella?
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medial patellar ligament
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identify structure shown from forelimb
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dorsoscapular ligament
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identify structure on hindlimb:
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see pic
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what ligaments of hip joint insert on fovea capititis ?
what are their origins? |
accessory ligament - prepubic tendon
ligament of head of femur - acetabular fossa |
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What bones are involved in the hip joint?
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Ilium
Pubis Ischium Head of Femur |
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identify these 3 ligaments of hip joint
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see pic
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List ligaments of the hip joint.
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Lig. of head of the femur, the accessory lig., and transverse acetabular lig. and labrum acetabulum (acetabular lip) which deepens acet.cavity
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identify joint cavities shown on lateral stifle:
(what's cavity on medial side called?) |
femoropatellar joint cavity
lateral femorotibial joint cavity medial cavity (just caudal to medial collatoral ligament, where meniscus is) |
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identify parts of stay aparatus
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see picture
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what are branches of sciatic nerve?
what's their relation to each other? Where does split happen? |
tibial n. <- caudal
common peroneal n. <- more cranial ~split just before stifle joint |
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what are bony process on proximal femur called?
What is major impression on shaft called? |
trochanters
greater trochanter (distinct cranial and caudal parts) Third trochanter Lesser trochanter / trochanter minor is in the form of ridge |
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accommodate
terminal branches of the Plantar proper digital arteries, which form the terminal arch inside the bone |
Solar foramina (red arrows) – accommodate
terminal branches of the Plantar proper digital arteries (along proximal edge of P3, closer to P2, are extensor processes) |
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identify bony processes
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see pic
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which has rounder shaft 3rd metatarsal or 3rd metacarpal?
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metatarsal
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• Dorsal branch of accessory n.
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Dorsal branch innervates the trapezius m.
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• Ventral branch of accessory n. dives into ?
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Ventral branch of accessory n. dives into sternocephalicus m.
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identify structure shown
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1. caudate lobe
2. unknown 3. caudal vena cava 4. triangular ligament 5. caudate process of caudate lobe |
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what lung has accessory lobe?
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RIGHT
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identify structures on humerus
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see pic
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list accessory glands (3) in order (cr. to cd.) based on location to root of penis:
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1. vesicular gland
2. bulbourethral gland 3. prostate gland |
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identify structures
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see pic
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identify
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ampulla of DD
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surrounding external urethral process
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Fossa glandis of penis
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proper lig. of ovary
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when penis erect which is further back on shaft: preputial ring or preputial oriface?
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preputial ring is front of preputial orifice
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saphenous n. originates from ?
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femoral n. (medial side of leg)
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is saccus cecus closer to cardiac/esoph. or pyloric sphincter? (edit response)
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*cranial portion?, closer to cardiac sphincter w/esoph.
* assoc. w/fundus and nonglandular portion * appears white, with internal folds |
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cardiac groove is bigger on which lung?
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LEFT lung has bigger cardiac groove
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which nerve wraps (makes U-turn) around aorta and to go back cranially?
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LEFT recurrent laryngeal n.
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which lung has accessory lobe?
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RIGHT lung has acc. lobe
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describe path of caudal vena cava and its relation to accessory lobe of ___lung:
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- caudal vena cava extends to RIGHT of mediastinum along w/R.phrenic n. (inside caval fold)
- space betw. caval fold and caudal mediastinum (mediastinal recess) houses acc.lobe of R lung |
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Which side is azygous v. present on?
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RIGHT side only
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External jugular v. located inside?
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jugular groove
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two parts of brachiocephalicus?
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cleidomastoideus m.
cleidobracialus m. |
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contains carotid sheath?
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visceral space
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trick for remembering colon
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r's v. sm. funny like very put. fsh
L D don't ffL R dsr 444-1322 |
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what part of asc.colon has largest diameter?
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Right dorsal colon
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narrowest part of colon?
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left dorsal colon
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which has more taeni coli, ventral or dorsal loop of asc.colon?
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ventral loop has 4 TC
LD has 1 RD has 3 transv. has 2 desc. has 2 |
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which kidney is heart shaped
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RIGHT
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how do u tell Cr&Cd. terminal recess of kidney apart?
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urethra always to caudal side
(and in penis shaped left kidney, pointy end is cranial) |
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coronary sinus is below ?
what is below CS? |
CS is below caudal vena cava, on R. side of heart
subsinuosal IV groove |
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what is muscle between external jugular vein and carotid sheath?
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omohydoideus m.
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Identify structure here
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see pic
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What arteries does Great M/t artery give off?
Where? |
Medial/Lateral plantar (proper) digital arteries
- branch off just proximal to fetlock joint (where dr. aires is pointing) |
