Femur, the bone of thigh, also known as os femoris, is the longest and strongest bone of human body. The head of the femur articulates with the acetabulum of hip bone forming the ball and socket variety of synovial joint-the hip joint, whereas the distal part of the femur articulates with the tibia and patella forming the knee joint.
The anatomy of the proximal end of the femur, in recent years had received the much deserved attention because of the importance of early treatment of congenital dislocation and advent of arthroplasty procedures. Susceptibility to numerous pediatric and adult disorders correlates with variations in the morphological and morphometric aspects of the bone and a proper understanding of the anatomy of this region is …show more content…
If this transverse bi-condylar plane passes posterior to the center of femoral head, anteversion is present; if the plane passes anterior to the center of the femoral head, retroversion is present(7,8).Femoral torsion usually diminishes with age(8).This angle is first identifiable at 7 weeks of gestation as -10 degrees. It increases to 0 degrees by 3rd month, 12 degrees by 5th month. When the baby is born, it reaches an average of 24 degrees. Then it gradually decreases and reaches the adult value of 7-16 …show more content…
Its correction is considered a crucial step in total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty. It plays an important role in stability and normal walking. Abnormal FNA sometimes can be associated with various clinical problems ranging from in toeing gait in the early childhood, to osteoarthritis of the hip and the knee joints in the adults. (12)The femoral torsional angle increases in Perthes disease, Cerebral palsy, anterior poliomyelitis, Postural defects, pes planus, in toeing etc. A decreased angle in adolescents is often associated with slipped capital femoral epiphysis of the hip. It also decreases in Rickets, Chondrodystrophy and toeing out. Studies also have shown that an increased or decreased torsional angle is associated with degenerative hip joint disease. The measurement of this angle provides vital information in selection of cases for prosthesis and preoperative planning for total hip replacement surgery. It is also important in Anatomical and Anthropological
The anatomy of the proximal end of the femur, in recent years had received the much deserved attention because of the importance of early treatment of congenital dislocation and advent of arthroplasty procedures. Susceptibility to numerous pediatric and adult disorders correlates with variations in the morphological and morphometric aspects of the bone and a proper understanding of the anatomy of this region is …show more content…
If this transverse bi-condylar plane passes posterior to the center of femoral head, anteversion is present; if the plane passes anterior to the center of the femoral head, retroversion is present(7,8).Femoral torsion usually diminishes with age(8).This angle is first identifiable at 7 weeks of gestation as -10 degrees. It increases to 0 degrees by 3rd month, 12 degrees by 5th month. When the baby is born, it reaches an average of 24 degrees. Then it gradually decreases and reaches the adult value of 7-16 …show more content…
Its correction is considered a crucial step in total hip arthroplasty and hemiarthroplasty. It plays an important role in stability and normal walking. Abnormal FNA sometimes can be associated with various clinical problems ranging from in toeing gait in the early childhood, to osteoarthritis of the hip and the knee joints in the adults. (12)The femoral torsional angle increases in Perthes disease, Cerebral palsy, anterior poliomyelitis, Postural defects, pes planus, in toeing etc. A decreased angle in adolescents is often associated with slipped capital femoral epiphysis of the hip. It also decreases in Rickets, Chondrodystrophy and toeing out. Studies also have shown that an increased or decreased torsional angle is associated with degenerative hip joint disease. The measurement of this angle provides vital information in selection of cases for prosthesis and preoperative planning for total hip replacement surgery. It is also important in Anatomical and Anthropological