Aid Schemes In Malawi

Front 1

Raising the income of farmers

Back 1

--> Multilateral, funded by the World Bank

--> Long-term, top down

--> 90% of people in Malawi are employed in agriculture

--> the aid project gives farmers grants to buy land and provide training to grow cash crops instead of subsistence maize

--> aims to increase the incomes of 15,000 rural farmers

Has it been successful?

--> the project has met its target by giving 15,142 families 2 hectares of land, but 10% of that land was so remote that the farmers abandoned the land

--> incomes have risen by 40% and agricultural production increased by 50%

Has this form of aid helped Malawi develop?

--> 15,142 families have better incomes and more food so this has improved nutrition and health

Is it sustainable development?

--> the farmers will have to maintain the land for it to be sustainable

--> only helps a small amount of the population

Hint 1

--> what type of aid?

--> what does the project do?

--> has it been successful? targets met, improvements, failings?

--> has this helped Malawi develop?

--> sustainable?

Front 2

Improve electricity

Back 2

--> Multilateral, funded by the World Bank

--> Long-term, top down

Aims

--> reduce frequency of electricity interruptions

--> improve voltage stability

--> strengthen and expand electricity network

--> benefit households and businesses

Why?

--> 6 hydropower plants supply 98% of the country's electricity --> frequently need repairing --> maintenance is below international standards

--> networks are overloaded --> localised loss of power --> unreliable

--> the project will help 47,000 people and reduce electricity losses per year by 4% by 2016

Successful?

--> progress remains slow --> has not yet reduced amount of electricity lost

--> no-one in urban areas connected via household connections yet

--> no power lines constructed or improved

Has this helped Malawi develop?

--> no, as nothing has been done yet --> has money gone due to corruption?

Sustainable?

--> yes, as it is focussing on hydropower for a low-carbon future

Hint 2

--> what type of aid?

--> aims?

--> why is it needed?

--> what will the project do?

--> has it been successful? progress, or lack thereof?

--> has this helped Malawi develop? why?

--> sustainable?

Front 3

Investment in infrastructure

Back 3

--> Multilateral, funded by the World Bank

--> Long-term, top down

Aims

--> finance coordinated priority investments in roads, water supply, sanitation, electricity and telecommunications

--> assist the govt. in developing a coordinated approach to planning and implementing infrastructure

Why?

--> lack of core infrastructure services

--> only 60% of people in rural households had access to water, from pumps that took 2 hours to get to

--> 87% of roads in bad condition

What will the project do?

--> improve water supplies and accessibility

--> improve communications by increasing the number of public telephone booths

--> improve roads and access to them

--> increase the number of public institutions and households connected to electricity

Successful?

--> 573,300 people have access to 1274 public phone boxes

--> 76,310 people in rural areas have access to improved water

--> 9700 people have improved sanitation

--> 75% of rural population have access to an 'all season' road

--> 77km (aimed for 94km) non-rural roads improved

Has this helped Malawi develop?

--> long term solutions --> should improve quality of life for people

--> unlikely to lead to industrial development

Sustainable?

--> if phones break, Malawi does not have the expertise to fix them

--> roads may fall back into a state of disrepair

Hint 3

--> what type of aid?

--> aims?

--> why is it needed?

--> what will the project do?

--> has it been successful? phones, water, sanitation, roads?

--> has this helped Malawi develop? why?

--> sustainable?

Front 4

Increase agricultural sustainability

Back 4

--> NGO (Oxfam)

--> Bottom up

Aim

--> works with poor communities in Malawi to support better agricultural productivity and improved livelihoods

--> allow all year round cropping which generates high annual yields from a single plot

Why?

--> essential to improve food security

--> 11% of 15-49 year olds have HIV --> having enough nutritious food is important for keeping healthy

What does the project do?

--> find a suitable location and negotiate a reasonable annual rent from the land owner

--> Oxfam pays for construction for irrigation channels from rivers to the fields

--> community then own this and gain valuable construction knowledge

--> starter packs of seeds and fertilisers provided along with training in farming techniques and market access support

Successful?

--> brought new sources of food and income because water is available all year round

--> can make investments in homes and businesses

--> schools and healthcare can be paid for with extra money

--> in this village (Mnembo), children have been able to attend school

Has this helped Malawi develop?

--> yes --> children have been able to go to school

--> more food available so health improves

--> everyone can benefit from water management techniques

Sustainable?

--> future generations have access to irrigated land

--> irrigation channels will not need constant maintenance as they are made with concrete

--> agriculture is advancing

--> everyone can benefit from water management techniques

Hint 4

--> what type of aid?

--> aims?

--> why is it needed?

--> what will the project do?

--> has it been successful?

--> has this helped Malawi develop?

--> sustainable?

Front 5

Providing medical supplies

Back 5

--> Bilateral --> UK govt. giving drugs to Malawi

--> Short-term, top down

Aim

--> to prevent deaths by providing essential medicines to 620 medical facilities

Why?

--> Malawi is facing a serious crisis due to the availability of drugs, which will result in avoidable deaths, especially amongst the poor who do not have access to alternative private drug sources

What does the project do?

--> provided a one-off supply of required drugs worth £10 million, sufficient for 18 months

Successful?

--> 1mill diarrhoea cases managed

--> 1mill fever cases in children managed

--> 1mill cases of respiratory infections in children treated

--> 250,000 courses for treatment of malaria

--> treatment available for pregnant women

Has this helped Malawi develop?

--> improved quality of life

Sustainable?

--> no --> the medicine will get used up, and once it has run out no more is available

Hint 5

--> what type of aid?

--> aims?

--> why is it needed?

--> what did the project do?

--> has it been successful? how much of different ailments treated?

--> has this helped Malawi develop?

--> sustainable? why?