Adolescent Psych Final Quiz Woo

Front 1

Viral marketing

Back 1

A way of promoting products or services by encouraging individuals to pass information on to others

Front 2

Risk factors

Back 2

Factors that increase the likelihood of some behavior or condition

Front 3

Autoerotic behavior

Back 3

Sexual behavior that is experienced alone, such as masturbation or sexual fantasizing

Front 4

Testosterone

Back 4

One of the sex hormones secreted by the gonads, found in both sexes but in higher levels among males than females

Front 5

Internet addiction

Back 5

A disorder in which an individual's use of the internet is pathological, defined by six symptoms: salience, withdrawal, conflict, and relapse and reinstatement

Front 6

Premature affluence

Back 6

Having more income than one can manage maturely, especially during adolescence. Results from getting used to having luxurious standard of living before financial responsibilities

Front 7

New media

Back 7

Digital media typically accessed via computers, smartphones, or other internet based devices

Front 8

Correlation

Back 8

The extent to which two things vary systematically with each other

Front 9

Causation

Back 9

The correlation between two things attributable to the effect one thing has on the other

Front 10

Reverse causation

Back 10

Relationship in which the correlation between two things is due not to the first causing the second, but to the second causing the first

Front 11

Spurious causation

Back 11

Relationship in which the correlation between two things is due to the fact that each of them is correlated with some third factor

Front 12

Social support

Back 12

The extent to which an individual receives emotional or instrumental assistance from his or her social network

Front 13

Co-rumination

Back 13

Excessive talking with another about problems

Front 14

LGBTQ youth

Back 14

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning youth (something referred to as sexual-minority youth)

Front 15

Platonic relationships

Back 15

Nonsexual relationships with individuals who might otherwise be romantic partners

Front 16

Sexual socialization

Back 16

Process though which adolescents are exposed to and educated about sexuality

Front 17

Gateway drugs

Back 17

Drugs that, when used over time, lead to the use of other more dangerous substances

Front 18

Developmental trajectories

Back 18

Patterns of change over time

Front 19

Comorbid

Back 19

Co-occurring, as when an individual had more than one problem at the same time

Front 20

Problem behavior syndrome

Back 20

The covariation among various types of externalizing disorders believed to result from an underlying trait of unconventionality

Front 21

Social control theory

Back 21

A theory of delinquency that links deviance with the absence of bonds to society's main institutions

Front 22

Negative emotionality

Back 22

The presumed underlying cause of internalizing disorders, characterized by high levels of subjective distress

Front 23

Anhedonic

Back 23

Having difficulty experiencing positive emotions, a risk factor for depression

Front 24

Monitoring the future

Back 24

An annual survey of a nation-wide sample of American 8th, 10th, and 12th graders, mainly known for its data on adolescent substance use

Front 25

Binge drinking

Back 25

Consuming five or more drinks in a row on one occasion, an indicator of alcohol abuse

Front 26

Protective factors

Back 26

Factors that limit individual vulnerability to harm

Front 27

Cultivation theory

Back 27

A perspective on media use that emphasizes the impact media exposure has on individuals.

Emphasis: socialization

Front 28

Uses and Gratification approach

Back 28

A perspective on media use that emphasizes the active role users play in selecting the media to which they are exposed.

-seeking out media

Front 29

The media practice model

Back 29

Perspective on media use that emphasizes the fact that adolescents not only choose what media they are exposed to but also interpret the media in ways that shape their impact. Media interacts with the individual

Front 30

Cultivation theory example

Back 30

Soap opera

"Women who watch this think that single mothers have it easy"

Mean world syndrome

What you say makes you think that

Front 31

Three stages of romantic relationships

Back 31

•Entering (11-13)

•Exploring(14-16)

•Consolidating (17-19)

Front 32

Sexual orientation

Back 32

Attraction to another (same sex, opposite sex, both..)

Front 33

Sexual identity

Back 33

Self and sex

Front 34

What is the difference between necking and petting

Back 34

Necking - anything that happens above the waist

Petting - what happens below the waist

Front 35

'Coming out' avg. ages in 1970s and now

Back 35

1970s: average age of comin out : 21

Today: average age of coming out is 16. Some have suggested age 13

Front 36

Parental reaction to kids 'coming out' (from notes)

Back 36

50% loving denial

40% hostile/resentful

10% loving and open

Front 37

Substance abuse

Back 37

Misuse of alcohol or other drugs (including legal drugs like nicotine and illegal ones like marijuana) to a degree that causes problems in the individual's life

Front 38

Externalizing disorders

Back 38

Psychosocial problems that are manifested in a turning of the symptoms outward, as in aggression of delinquency

Front 39

Internalizing disorders

Back 39

Psychosocial problems that are manifested in a turning of the symptoms inward, as in depression or anxiety

Front 40

Time orientation

Back 40

Emphasis toward the past, present, and the future

Front 41

What are Time feelings

Back 41

Positive and negative feelings about the past, present, and future

Front 42

Time feelings - six, five-item subscales

Back 42

-past positive

-past negative

-present positive

-present negative

-future positive

-future negative

Front 43

Time meaning

Back 43

How do you define the past? How do you define the present? How do you define the future?

-what do different time periods mean to you and how do you interpret them

Front 44

Results from Dr. Mello's study

Back 44

Adolescents who think about multiple time periods have higher academic achievement and self-esteem and low risk-taking than their counterparts

-people who focus on the past seem to be the least healthiest

-emphasizing all time periods equally or the present and the future simultaneously is associated with fewer substances used

Front 45

Why do adolescents runaway from home?

Back 45

-Family conflict

-abuse

Front 46

Study with tyler and cauce - homeless and runaway adolescents

Back 46

Physical abuse: 50% prevalence, 5 years length, 4 perpetrators

Sexual abuse: 30% prevalence, 2 years length, 3 perpetrators

Disclosure: physical , sexual

Front 47

Graph with past month drug use among adolescents aged 12-17 years

Back 47

-14.7% of children used alcohol

-10% of children used any illicit drug

-7.3% of children used marijuana

Front 48

Graph : students who have tried a harmful substance at least once (8th grade and 12th grade) marijuana, cigarettes, and alcohol

Back 48

8th grade

-marijuana: 20%

-cigarettes: 30%

-alcohol: 50%

12th grade

-marijuana: 50%

-cigarettes: 60%

-alcohol: 80%

Front 49

Sequence of substance use

Back 49

1. Drinking beer or wine

2. Smoking cigarettes, drinking hard liquor

3. Smoking marijuana

4. Using 'hard' drugs (ex. Cocaine, LSD)