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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is abnormality?
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1. disfunction
2. distress 3. atypical 4. dangerous |
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disfunction
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abnormal behavior is causing a breakdown in functioning
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distress
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person typically feeling bad about their abnormal behavior
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atypical
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the behavior is statistically rare, with consideration made to culture and change over time
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What is trepination?
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a hole cut out of the skull exposing the brain
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What is trepination used for?
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supposedly, trepination could be used to drain the person of evil spirits causing abnormal behavior
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The Biological Theory of Abnormality
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all our psychological problems come from bodily functioning, including genes
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Cognitive Theory of Abnormality
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beliefs and perceptions influence our emotional responses to the world around us; negative thought patterns cause abnormality
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Psychoanalytical Theory of Abnormality
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the unconcious mind rules behavior; all things in our unconcious mind that are inappropriate may cause abnormal behavior
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Behavioral Theory of Abnormality
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abnormal behavior is learned and normal behavior can be relearned
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Humanistic Theory of Abnormality
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we are all trying to reach self actualization on our path to greatness; abnormal behavior is caused by veering off path
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What is a case study?
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A case study is one type of observational data collection technique in which one individual is studied in-depth in order to identify behavioral, emotional, and/or cognitive qualities that are universally true, on average, of others
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What is a correlation? (What does this information give us?)
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A correlation is a statistical index used to represent the strength of a relationship between two factors, how much and in what way those factors vary, and how well one factor can predict the other. Shows that there is a relationship between two variables
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What is an incidence?
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a measure of the risk of developing some new condition within a specified period of time
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What is prevelence?
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total number of cases of the disease in the population at a given time, or the total number of cases in the population, divided by the number of individuals in the population
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What is a longitudinal study?
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the same persons are observed as they grow older
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What is a cross sectional study?
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persons of different ages are studied at only one point in time
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What is an independent variable?
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the variable of the experiment that is changed or manipulated (cause) to observe its effect on the dependent variable
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What is a dependent variable?
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the observation of what you are trying to measure (effect), the variable that is assumed to be caused by the independent variable
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What is the name of the space between two neurons?
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Synapse
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What does seratonin do/what is it?
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a neurotransmitter that works on emotions, moods and some thought processes
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What is a gene?
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Genes hold the information to build and maintain their cells and pass genetic traits to offspring including the posibility to a predisposition to certain illnesses
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What is a chromosome?
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an organized structure of DNA and protein that is found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences; 26 pairs (half mom/ half dad)
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When is ECT normally used?
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Electro Convulsive Therapy; an electric current used to "reset" the brain
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What is a dream from a psychoanalytic standpoint?
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an interaction between the unconscious and the conscious, expressing what one cannot in a conscious state
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What is the pleasure principal?
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people are born with a natural instinct to seek pleasure and avoid pain at whatever cost
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What is the reality principal?
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the development of your ego in response to shut down your childlike "id"... an understanding that sometimes one must defer gratification due to the construct of reality
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Name the 5 stages of psychosexual development
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oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital
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What is the Rorschach Test?
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subjects' perceptions of inkblots are recorded and then analyzed using psychological interpretation
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What is the TAT test?
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projective psychological tests using ambiguous pictures and asking the patient to tell a story about the person in the pictures to taps a subject's unconscious by revealling repressed aspects of personality, motives and needs for achievement, power and intimacy, and problem-solving abilities
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What is the MMPI-2 test?
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a true or false statement questionaire that assists in identifying personality structure and psychopathology
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What goes on axis 1?
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persuasive development, learning, motor skills, communication
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What goes on axis 2?
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personality disorders and mental retardation
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What does on axis 3?
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physical conditions/disorders
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What goes on axis 4?
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psychosocial stress/environmental problems
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What goes on axis 5?
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global assessment functioning scale
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Generalized Anxiety Disorder
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general feeling on being restless or on edge
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Panic Disorder w/o Agoraphobia
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recurrent panic attacks that are not associated with social anxiety
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Panic Disorder w/Agoraphobia
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recurrent panic attacks which cause an avoidance of social situations
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Specific Phobia
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intense fear of specific object/situation
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Social Phobia
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fear of performance or social situations
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PTSD
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psychological trauma cause by serious threat of death or injury
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obsessive compulsive disorder
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obsessions and compulsions
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What is the fear of spiders?
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Arachnophobia
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What type of drug works on GABA and how?
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Benzodiazapines work on GABA by helping it bind
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What is GABA?
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inhibits many emotions and behaviors
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