Abnormal Psychology Chapter 5

Front 1

the triple vulnerability model includes what three components?

Back 1

(1) general biological vulnerability
(2) general psychological vulnerability
(3) specific psychological vulnerability

Front 2

GAD is characterized by what primary symptom?

Back 2

excessive anxiety and worry over minor everyday events

Front 3

what are the differences between panic disorder with agoraphobia and a specific phobia? (3)

Back 3

(1) SP may or may not have panic attacks
(2) if SP has panic attacks, they only occur when the phobic stimulus is present
(3) PDA is scared of having another panic attack

Front 4

what types of treatments are used for panic disorder with agoraphobia?

Back 4

(1) exposure and response prevention
(2) panic control treatment
(3) relaxation training

Front 5

which type of phobia involves a stronger paprsympathetic reaction than sympathetic reaction?

Back 5

blood-injection phobia

Front 6

fear of public speaking would be classified as which of the anxiety disorders?

Back 6

social phobia

Front 7

A study by Clark et al., 2003 showed that most effective treatment of social phobia is what?

Back 7

cognitive behavior therapy (w/ group role play)

Front 8

In PTSD, what are the characteristics of the trauma to which one is exposed?

Back 8

(1) death or threat of serious injury
(2) intense response of fear, helplessness, and horror

Front 9

Believing that a thought is the equivalent of an action is called what?

Back 9

thought action fusion

Front 10

The function of wory is _______, which tends to (increase/decrease) underlying concerns.

Back 10

avoidance/increase

Front 11

when a person associates panic attacks w/ external and internal cues is what?

Back 11

learned alarms

Front 12

negative mood state characterized by physical tension/ somatic symptoms and apprehension about the future

Back 12

anxiety

Front 13

immediate emotional reaction to current danger

Back 13

fear

Front 14

an abrupt tense fear accompanied by physical symptoms

Back 14

panic

Front 15

Area of the brain most often associated with anxiety

Back 15

limbic system (emotional system)

Front 16

what is the generalized biological vulnerability for anxiety disorders?

Back 16

may inherit tendencies to more anxiety prone, have autonomic restrictors, etc.

Front 17

what is the generalized psychological vulnerability for anxiety disorders?

Back 17

to feel a sense of helplessness or lack of control

Front 18

what is the only anxiety disorder to not be more prevalent in females?

Back 18

social phobia (equal for genders)

Front 19

what is the median age of onset for GAD?

Back 19

31-> more prevalent among elderly

Front 20

what are the specific psychological vulnerabilities for GAD?

Back 20

-significant life event stress
-function of worry: avoidance
-anxious apprehension

Front 21

which medication tends to impair cognition and balance?

Back 21

benzodiazepines

Front 22

treatment that involves experiencing the fears that you worry about instead of pushing them away

Back 22

mindfulness and acceptance therapy

Front 23

what is the most successful treatment for GAD?

Back 23

CBT

Front 24

anxiety about being in places/situations from which escape might be difficult

Back 24

agoraphobia

Front 25

what is the disorder where one develops agoraphobia without ever having a panic attack?

Back 25

agoraphobia without a history of panic disorder

Front 26

what is the average onset of PDA?

Back 26

mid-teens to 40

Front 27

type of panic characterized by knowing when and where you will have a panic attack

Back 27

sittuationally bound (cued)

Front 28

type of panic characterized by a tendency to have attacks in certain situations but not all of the time

Back 28

situationally predisposed

Front 29

type of panic characterized by having no clue when another panic attack will occur

Back 29

unexpected (uncued)

Front 30

which type of panic is more commonly associated with specific phobis?

Back 30

situationally bound

Front 31

what is the specific psychological vulnerability in panic disorder with agoraphobia?

Back 31

fear regarding unexplained physical symptoms

Front 32

what is the drug of choice in panic disorder?

Back 32

SSRIs (Prozac, Paxil)

Front 33

marked and persistent fear, excessive or unreasonable cued by specific object or situation and lasts at least 6 months

Back 33

specific phobia

Front 34

what are the five types of specific phobias?

Back 34

(1) blood-injection
(2) natural environment
(3) animal
(4) situational
(5) other

Front 35

what anxiety disorder has the yongest age of onset other than separation anxiety?

Back 35

specific phobia

Front 36

what is the general biological vulnerability for specific phobia?

Back 36

inherited tendency to fear situations that have always been dangerous to the human race

Front 37

what is the general psychological vulnerability for spcific phobia?

Back 37

develop anxiety about another encounter with fearful objects/situations

Front 38

what are the specific psychological vulnerabilities for specific phobias?

Back 38

(1) direct experience
(2) experiencing a panic attack
(3) obsevation of someone else fearing an object
(4) information transmission
(5) culture

Front 39

what is it called when warnings about the feared object are repeated so often that the person develops a phobia solely on basis of hearing them?

Back 39

information transmission

Front 40

what is the main treatment for specific phobias?

Back 40

exposure therapy (actually changes brain function)

Front 41

what is the treatment for blood-injection phobia?

Back 41

exposure therapy but must have them tense anything to keep blood pressure up

Front 42

marked fear that is excessive and unreasonable of one or more social or performance situations

Back 42

social phobia

Front 43

what is the difference between generalized an not generalized social phobias?

Back 43

generalized- individual has a fear of engaging in a wide variety of social situations
not-generalized- having a fear of public speaking

Front 44

what is the peak age of onset for social phobia?

Back 44

13

Front 45

type of therapy in which a client practices coping with troublesome or anxiety-arousing situations in a safe and supervised situation

Back 45

behavior rehersal

Front 46

what are the six main symptoms to PTSD?

Back 46

(1) exposure to trauma
(2) trauma is re-experienced
(3) persistent aviodance
(4) persistent arousal
(5) duration at least one month
(6) distress or impairment

Front 47

acute PTSD...

Back 47

person has had symptoms for at least 1 month and less than 3 months

Front 48

chronic PTSD...

Back 48

lasts more than 3 months

Front 49

delayed onset of PTSD...

Back 49

develops symptoms 6 months after trauma

Front 50

have PTSD symptoms for less than a month, was included in the DSM-IV so early severe reactions to trauma could be treated and covered by insurance

Back 50

acute stress disorder

Front 51

what are the most common traumas associated with PTSD?

Back 51

combat and sexual assault

Front 52

what is the treatment approach for PTSD that involves reworking and revisiting the traumatic event in one's mind?

Back 52

imaginal exposure

Front 53

recurrent thoughts, impulses, or images about what is feared

Back 53

obsessions

Front 54

mental or physical act designed to combat the thoughts, impulses, or images one experiences

Back 54

compulsions

Front 55

persons have fear of losing their possessions or not having enough

Back 55

hoarding

Front 56

what is the onset for OCD? for men? for women?

Back 56

onset-> childhood-30s
female-> 20-24
male-> 13-15

Front 57

what are some specific psychological vulnerabilities of OCD?

Back 57

-thoughts are dangerous/unacceptable
-thought-action fusion
-engagement in cognitive or behavioral rituals to supress thought

Front 58

SSRIs have what percent of effectiveness for OCD?

Back 58

60%

Front 59

what is the most successful treatment for OCD?

Back 59

exposure and ritual prevention

Front 60

what is the treatment process where rituals are actively prevented and the patient is systematically and gradually exposed to feared thought or situations?

Back 60

exposure and ritual prevention