323-Exam 2 Study Guide

Front 1

What is vocal fold abduction used for?

Back 1

Inspiration, articulation of voiceless consonants

Front 2

What is vocal fold construction used for?

Back 2

Articulation, to whisper

Front 3

What is vocal fold obstruction used for?

Back 3

Articulation

Front 4

What is vocal fold vibration used for?

Back 4

Vowels, voiced consonants, suprasegmentals

Front 5

What is responsible for vocal fold vibration?

Back 5

Myoelastic aerodynamic theory

Front 6

Myoelastic aerodynamic theory

Back 6

Must have constant pressure to create more vibration to blow the vocal folds apart. Inhalation, then exhalation and closing vocal folds. Subglottal air pressure increases because of this and air rushes through the vocal folds

Front 7

Myoelastic aerodynamic theory and Bernoulli effect

Back 7

As air moves through the glottal space, pressure decreases and velocity increases=Bernoulli effect

Front 8

Three mass model of vocal fold movement

Back 8

Vocal folds open first at the bottom and then the top. They close first and the bottom and then the top

Front 9

What opens the VF?

Back 9

All of the adductors of the intrinsic muscles

Front 10

What closes the vocal folds?

Back 10

Elasticity and the Bernoulli effect

Front 11

Intensity

Back 11

Measured in decibels

Controlled by subglottal pressure and laryngeal medial compression

Front 12

Process of intensity results in

Back 12

Greater lateral opening of the vocal folds

Closed phase increases in duration

Front 13

Pitch depends on

Back 13

Functional vibrating length

Cross sectional mass

Tension from intrinsic muscles

Front 14

Normal pitch for infant crying

Back 14

400-500 hz

Front 15

Pitch for child’s voice

Back 15

240-300 hertz

Front 16

Pitch for adult male

Back 16

110-135 hertz

Front 17

Pitch for adult female

Back 17

200-240 hertz

Front 18

Pitch varies by _____

Back 18

3 octaves

Front 19

How to increase pitch?

Back 19

Vocal fold tensors: cricothyroid and thyroarytenoid

Front 20

How to decrease pitch

Back 20

Thyroarytenoid relaxes and cricothyroid

Front 21

Fundamental frequency is determined by

Back 21

Length, tension, and mass

Front 22

Vocal register

Back 22

Range of tones in the human voice

Front 23

Medal register

Back 23

Used for conversational speech, most common

Front 24

Glottal fry

Back 24

Low register, creepy voice, used at the ends of sentences, 20-60 hertz

Front 25

Falsetto register

Back 25

Thin and breathy, high register, continuous with modal, vocal folds stiff, NO CLOSED PHASE HERE

Front 26

Vocal fold nodules

Back 26

From vocal abuse like yelling or screaming

Usually bilateral

Antieror 1/3 portion, posterior 2/4 portion

Front 27

Vocal fold polyps

Back 27

Blister like

Unilateral

Bigger than nodules

Front 28

Vocal fold cysts

Back 28

Assymentical, unilateral

Light colored irregular growths from a collection of fluid in the vocal folds due to trauma

Front 29

Laryngitis

Back 29

Swelling of vocal folds

Can be due to a cold, chronic allergies, smoking, or alcohol

Swelling not uniform, usually unilateral

Front 30

Unilateral paralysis

Back 30

Due to damage to cranial nerve 10

Vocal folds go to paramedical position which is in between abduction and adduction