10Th Grade Ch. 1 And 2 Chemistry

Front 1

CHEMISTRY

Back 1

the study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes, and the energy changes that accompany these processes

Front 2

EXTENSIVE PROPERTIES

Back 2

depend on the amount of matter that is present

Front 3

INTENSIVE PROPERTIES

Back 3

do not depend on the amount of matter present

Front 4

MIXTURES

Back 4

a blend of 2 or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties

Front 5

HOMOGENEOUS/SOLUTIONS

Back 5

uniform in composition

(ex: salt-water solution)

Front 6

HETEROGENEOUS

Back 6

not uniform throughout

(ex: clay-water mixture)

Front 7

PURE SUBSTANCE

Back 7

has a fixed composition

Front 8

PHYSICAL PROPERTY

Back 8

a characteristic that can be observed without changing the identity of the substance

(ex: melting/boiling point)

Front 9

PHYSICAL CHANGE

Back 9

a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity the substance

(ex: grinding, cutting, melting, boiling)

Front 10

CHEMICAL PROPERTY

Back 10

relates to a substance's ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances

Front 11

CHEMICAL CHANGE/REACTION

Back 11

a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances

Front 12

VOLUME

Back 12

the amount of 3D space an object occupies

Front 13

MASS

Back 13

a measure of the amount of matter

Front 14

ELEMENT

Back 14

a pure substance that is made of 1 type of atom

Front 15

COMPOUND

Back 15

a substance that is made from 2 or more elements chemically bonded in a fixed ratio

Front 16

DENSITY

Back 16

the ratio of mass to volume, or mass divided by volume

Front 17

PERIOD

Back 17

horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table

Front 18

METAL

Back 18

an element that is a good electrical conductor and a good heat conductor

Front 19

NONMETAL

Back 19

an element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity

Front 20

METALLOID

Back 20

an element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals

Front 21

NOBLE GASSES

Back 21

elements in group 18 of the periodic table; generally non-reactive; gases at room temperature

Front 22

SOLID STATE

Back 22

matter has a definite volume and definite shape

Front 23

LIQUID STATE

Back 23

matter has a definite volume, but an indefinite shape

Front 24

GAS STATE

Back 24

matter has neither definite volume nor definite shape

Front 25

REACTANTS

Back 25

the substances that react in a chemical change

Front 26

PRODUCTS

Back 26

the substances that are formed by the chemical change

Front 27

LAW OF CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

Back 27

energy can be absorbed or released in a change, but it is not destroyed or created

Front 28

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Back 28

a logical approach to solving problems by observing and collecting data, formulating hypotheses, testing hypotheses, and formulating theories that are supported by data

Front 29

ACCURACY

Back 29

refers to the closeness of measurements to the correct or accepted value of the quantity measured

Front 30

PRECISION

Back 30

refers to the closeness of a set of measurements of the same quantity made in the same way

Front 31

SIGNIFICANT FIGURES

Back 31

consist of all the digits known with certainty plus one final digit, which is somewhat uncertain or is estimated

Front 32

QUALITATIVE

Back 32

descriptive

Front 33

QUANTITATIVE

Back 33

numerical

Front 34

SCIENTIFIC NOTATION

Back 34

written in the form M × 10n, where the factor M is a number greater than or equal to 1 but less than 10 and n is a whole number