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Christian Humanism
an intellectual movement in northern Europe in the late fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries that combined the interest in the classics of the Italian Renaissance with an interest in the sources of early Christianity, including the New Testament and the writings of the church fathers
Desiderius Erasmus’s "The Praise of Folly"
written in 1509, in which he engaged in humorous yet effective criticism of the most corrupt practices of his own society; he was also harsh on the abuses of ranks of the clergy
Thomas More’s "Utopia"
written in 1516, this literary masterpiece is an account of idealistic life and institutions of the community, an imaginary island in the vicinity of the recently discovered New World; it reflects his own concerns with the economic, social, and political problems of his day
Pluralism and Absenteeism
Several churches were being ignored and emptied because the priests were ignoring their duties and weren’t qualified to do what needed to be done; this became widespread all during the fifteenth century
Thomas a Kempis’ "Imitation of Christ"
wrote that “truly, at the day of judgement we shall not be examined by what we have read, but what we have done; not how well we have spoken, but how religiously we have lived”
The Sacraments
rites considered imperative for a Christian’s salvation. By the thirteenth century, these consisted of the Eucharist or Lord’s Supper, baptism, marriage, penance, extreme unction, holy orders, and confirmation of children. Protestant reformers of the sixteenth century generally recognized only two - baptism and communion (The Lord’s Supper)
Martin Luther
a very religious man, found out an answer to something that didn’t coincide with the regular teachings of the church; he split with the western Christian Church and started a new branch of Christianity, The Lutheran Church
Salvation by Faith
the sacraments were redefined by the Luther and now they were no longer regarded as merit-earning works, they were now viewed as divinely established signs signifying the promise of salvation
Priesthood of all Believers
it is a saying that says that all followers of god are their own priest
Johann Tetzel and Indulgence
a rambunctious Dominican, hawked the indulgences in Germany with the slogan “As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs
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