The Effects of Poverty on a group of Inner-city juveniles in a Police Division in West Kingston
CHAPTER 1
Introduction/Background to the study
West Kingston is recognized by many as an inner-city or garrison community plagued with crime and violence derived from youths forming various gangs and indulging in deviant activities. There is consensus in several arenas that these practices and activities are as a result of the great level of poverty that the youths in the community endure. Researchers have viewed this level of poverty as absolute and relative. That is people do not have what they need to maintain themselves physically or otherwise. Haralambos and Holborn (1998) see this type of poverty as a social problem which is undesirable. Researchers …show more content…
2 Does poverty affect the educational accomplishment of youths in the inner city of West Kingston?
3 Does poverty affect the level of incarceration of youths in the inner city of West Kingston
Definition of operational terms
Attitude is the way you think about things and act towards others. Attitudes are revealed through your positive or negative responses to another person’s thoughts, feelings and beliefs. They are demonstrated by your favourable or unfavourable reaction to life’s situations (Ryan and Ryan 1997).
Poverty is the lack of the basic and necessary amenities (food, clothing, shelter, education, health care, sanitation facilities) needed by the individual in order to sustain themselves so they are able to participate effectively in society (Haralambos and Holborn, 1998).
Inner-City –This represents a section (place) within a large city that is populated by poor minorities (Vetchling, 2009).
Youths- This is a periodbetween childhood to maturity.Anyone between the ages of fourteen (14) to twenty-one (21) years old within Jamaica (Vetchling, …show more content…
Hurts (2007) also agreed that in general, a negative encounter with police lead to negative attitudes towards police. Friedman et al. (2004) highlighted that studies shows that youth who felt disrespected when stopped by police reported less trust and respect for police than did other youth. In contrast, Bradford et al (2009) indicates that youths’ positive encounters with police were related to feelings of confidence in police and positive perceptions of police engagement in the community. They suggest that positive interactions can influence opinions in a positive direction as
CHAPTER 1
Introduction/Background to the study
West Kingston is recognized by many as an inner-city or garrison community plagued with crime and violence derived from youths forming various gangs and indulging in deviant activities. There is consensus in several arenas that these practices and activities are as a result of the great level of poverty that the youths in the community endure. Researchers have viewed this level of poverty as absolute and relative. That is people do not have what they need to maintain themselves physically or otherwise. Haralambos and Holborn (1998) see this type of poverty as a social problem which is undesirable. Researchers …show more content…
2 Does poverty affect the educational accomplishment of youths in the inner city of West Kingston?
3 Does poverty affect the level of incarceration of youths in the inner city of West Kingston
Definition of operational terms
Attitude is the way you think about things and act towards others. Attitudes are revealed through your positive or negative responses to another person’s thoughts, feelings and beliefs. They are demonstrated by your favourable or unfavourable reaction to life’s situations (Ryan and Ryan 1997).
Poverty is the lack of the basic and necessary amenities (food, clothing, shelter, education, health care, sanitation facilities) needed by the individual in order to sustain themselves so they are able to participate effectively in society (Haralambos and Holborn, 1998).
Inner-City –This represents a section (place) within a large city that is populated by poor minorities (Vetchling, 2009).
Youths- This is a periodbetween childhood to maturity.Anyone between the ages of fourteen (14) to twenty-one (21) years old within Jamaica (Vetchling, …show more content…
Hurts (2007) also agreed that in general, a negative encounter with police lead to negative attitudes towards police. Friedman et al. (2004) highlighted that studies shows that youth who felt disrespected when stopped by police reported less trust and respect for police than did other youth. In contrast, Bradford et al (2009) indicates that youths’ positive encounters with police were related to feelings of confidence in police and positive perceptions of police engagement in the community. They suggest that positive interactions can influence opinions in a positive direction as