The Dionysian Mysteries In Euripides The Bacchae

Improved Essays
Euripides' The Bacchae recounts the emergence of the Dionysian Mysteries in Greece. Dionysus, disguised as a mortal, comes to Thebes from Asia, accompanied by his followers, the Maenads, to avenge his mother, Semele, against her family, who accused her of lying about Zeus impregnating her. He enchants the women, including the king Pentheus' mother, Agave, into joining the Maenads. Appalled, Pentheus prohibits all Dionysian rites and persecutes the Maenads. Pentheus captures Dionysus, but he escapes and tricks Pentheus into “spying” on the Maenads, luring him to a gruesome death as the Maenads, led by Agave, dismember him with their bare hands. Agave returns to Thebes with her son's head, convinced in her madness that they have triumphed over …show more content…
The Dionysian Mysteries provided for women an escape from ancient Greece's rigid patriarchy. Similarly, social media provides a validating space for millennial marginalized women's voices. “92% of teens report going online daily … Teenage girls use social media sites and platforms … for sharing more than their male counterparts do” (Lenhart). Like the Maenads' magical thrysoi, which spontaneously produce milk, wine, and honey and grant them supernatural strength, social media has become a powerful tool for people to connect, communicate, and create, ushering an era of constant change in language, discourse, and humor that defies convention. This is amalgamated in the parody Twitter account @NoToFeminism: “I don’t need feminism because Men’s Rights Activists must have some good points otherwise they would be called Men’s Wrongs Activists!!!!!!!” …show more content…
Anything associated with young women, particularly young women of color, such as speech patterns, is ridiculed. “Young women are on the bleeding edge of those linguistic changes that periodically sweep through the media’s trend sections, from uptalk to “selfie” to the quotative like to vocal fry. … [If] women are such natural linguistic innovators, why do they get criticized for the same thing that we praise Shakespeare for? Plain old-fashioned sexism.” (McCulloch) Even Dionysus' protection cannot stop Pentheus' disdain and disgust for the Maenads' “silly Bacchic rituals” (Euripides, 273). Pentheus' voyeurism of the Maenads finds its parallel in the stalking and abuse of marginalized women by anti-feminists and white supremacists, a notable example being GamerGate, a violent harassment campaign against Anita Sarkeesian of @FeministFrequency. “[People] vandalised her Wikipedia page with gender-based slurs, and her YouTube videos were hit with a barrage of abuse. … Women are much more likely to be severely harassed in online spaces than men, and the harassment is much more likely to be sexually violent” (Valenti). Marginalized women online, in the same way as the Maenads in The Bacchae, are caricatured as angry, hysterical, “social justice harpies” who do not know their place and impede on civilization and destroy conservative moral

Related Documents

  • Superior Essays

    Eth/125 Case Study

    • 763 Words
    • 4 Pages

    | |http://www.badreputation.org.|[pic] |This image says to me that women are | |uk/2011/09/22/revolting-women| |stronger and can endure they will do | |-joan-of-arc-rosie-the-rivete| |what is needed at any cost. They are | |r-and-the-feminist-protest-ic| |equal to any race or gender. | |on/ | |…

    • 763 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Dance again with bare feet in the dew? Shall I toss my head and skip through the open fields […]?” (Euripedes, 45) With this, the maenads are women who have been taken from their positions as the dutiful housewives and molded into those who are liberated and running free with nature. The metaphorical phrase of letting one’s hair down to indicate freedom is literal with the maenads as they intertwine ivy in their hair and wear the traditional Bacchic garbs in the Bacchae and Dionysus at Large. On a more positive note, Dionysus gives them a way to express their stifled longings by enchanting women and giving them the chance to explore their masculinity, an opportunity no other male would have given them.…

    • 1479 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    All mythology holds some similarities like immortality, power, and the respect of the gods and of course they also have the their differences. Differences include ways of magic, reasons for conflicts, as well as the sacrifices they make. " Dagda the good" and "The wanderings of Dionysus. " Both myths show the confidence of those who are immortal, a use of magic and how they will always get their vengeance in the end.…

    • 534 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The definition of the word religion is the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling power, especially a personal God or gods. The Greeks and Romans, during the Trojan War, prayed, and made sacrifices to their gods, to better their chances of winning the war, or simply beating their opponent; in literature, the relationship between gods and devotees are portrayed much differently. Even though the stories contain different religions, Euripides’s the Bacchae, Homer’s the Odyssey, and Virgil’s the Aeneid discusses religion in terms of personal needs, or popularity, amongst the gods, rather than devotion and good deeds. The Bacchae by Euripides is an ancient Greek tragedy based on the myth of King Pentheus of Thebes and his mother, Agave,…

    • 1271 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Hercules, Athena, Dionysus, Hades; everyone from Ancient Greek into todays society has heard of these respectable names. These famous symbols being the Goddess or God of their respectful emotion or achievement (and others). But there is one Goddess who was not as notable as the others were. This Goddess had many great achievements just as any Greek God has, was respected for their kind nature, and helped any person who was drastically in need but had fallen from the top to rock bottom due to a controversy This Goddess was named Laticus. Laticus was the sister of Athena.…

    • 838 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Much in the same way that beauty lies in the eye of the beholder, madness and its ever-changing definition––due both to perspective and to one’s own personal beliefs––is determined by each individual on a case-by-case basis. Society caters to this fluidity by manipulating conceptions of what is acceptable and correct. In many cases, madness is simply the over-stigmatization of opposing ideas from those already set by societal norms and traditions. Depending on your environment, different practices are viewed as irrational, illegal in some extremes. In the Bacchae, Euripides exploits the duality of madness and its ability to destroy societal constraints, namely through his presentation of ambiguous gender roles and gender identity.…

    • 1297 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Misogyny In The Odyssey

    • 871 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The Odyssey, by Homer, is the second-oldest extant work of Western literature. It focuses on Odysseus, the king of Ithaca, and his journey home from the Trojan War. Through this story, Homer illuminates aspects of Ancient Greek culture, one major aspect being misogyny. Today, in 21st Century America, the misogyny is especially evident in The Odyssey due to the awareness that has been brought to women's rights over the past 200 years. Misogyny is exposed through the way men discuss the intelligence of women.…

    • 871 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    In Hippolytus, free will is best defined as the power to choose your own course of action. Euripides explores a portion of human autonomy where we “know what’s good and recognize it”(Euripides 2001: 380) yet struggle to “accomplish it”(Euripides 2001: 381). That is to say, a struggle between different courses of action takes place and leads to a conflicted free will. Therefore, Euripides’ quotes can help shape the argument that free will, while strained by the actions of a god, is still functional. This paper will focus on how the motifs of arrogance and internal conflict establish an explanation for where responsibility for an action lies.…

    • 1456 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    When Dionysus asks Pentheus whether he would like to watch the Bacchae, unrestrained and dancing, Dionysus is appealing to and drawing out the hidden part of Pentheus he had seen previously. By dangling this natural inclination of Pentheus in front of him, Dionysus tempts Pentheus. We are not privy to Pentheus’s internal thoughts, but in the end, he threw away his propriety to instead follow his desire. Thereinafter, he is submissive to Dionysus and protests only once against him. Even then, Pentheus objects only briefly to Dionysus’s idea to disguise Pentheus as a woman, which suggests that it was not a serious protest but merely one last pretend attempt at holding onto his front of masculinity as dictated by his position in Theban society.…

    • 1742 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Misogynistic views do not have one specific root and seem to have been prevalent for all traceable history. These harmful views lead to women being oppressed, which could range anywhere from sex slavery to slurs shouted in one’s face. Homer, writer of epic poem The Odyssey, is no different than many men today, when discussing oppressive views towards women. Such views range from an overall motif of misogyny, stemming from Homer’s own background views, which cause Odysseus to act hypocritically to the most important woman in his life.…

    • 892 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Destruction of Pentheus In Euripides’ “The Bacchae,” Dionysus, disguised as a man, goes out to Thebes to assert his rights and gain respect from those who do not acknowledge him as a god. He encounters Pentheus, king of Thebes, still in an adolescent stage and fearful of femininity, something that Dionysus’ worship revolves around. In The Menace of Dionysus: Sex Roles and Reversals in Euripides’ Bacchae, Charles Segal explains why men were so fearful of the out of control woman and how that affected Pentheus, his growth and ultimate destruction: the destruction not only of Pentheus but the whole society. Segal claims that Dionysus is a threat to Pentheus because he affects Pentheus’ masculinity and ability to transition into adulthood;…

    • 1370 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    In both plays, the god/goddess had killed part of the family that had disrespected their honor. In Bacchae, Dionysus mad Semele's sisters go into madness and kill Pentheus, the son of Agave (Bacchae 1100-1129). Pentheus did not believe in the power of Dionysus either. Pentheus thought that Dionysus was a fake god that a seer had manifested to bring disorder to Thebes and seeks out the priest who is responsible (Bacchae 349-350). In my opinion, this was all part of Dionysus' plan to lure Pentheus into his trap.…

    • 1005 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Odyssey, one of Homer’s renowned works, was composed in about the 8th century BCE. It has been told and read for generations, and it has also served as a foundation for many other stories. However, it can often brush aside the idea of feminism and put men on a pedestal, leaving modern readers questioning how the role of women 2,800 years ago bittersweetly relates to the role of women in 2018. Although The Odyssey portrays a few examples of female strength, The Odyssey generally downgrades women by demonizing them and making excuses for male behavior.…

    • 1045 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Medea and the patriarchy In Ancient Greece, most of the literature and writing were composed by elite, wealthy, and well-educated men. The play Medea, written by Euripides is no different than most of the plays of the time except for its subject matter. Medea is about Medea, a strong mother from a foreign land, who is cheated by her husband Jason. What is different about this play is that Medea does not act as a woman should according to the traditional customs of the time. Instead, Medea tries to break down the walls of injustice and point out the patriarchal society present, and the consequential oppression of women.…

    • 716 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Anyone who is living in the 21st century has heard of the movements of gender equality and feminism. This topic of interest has been around for awhile, and is making a huge comeback. When thinking about gender discrimination, our minds naturally assume that women are the ones being discriminated against. That assumption is wrong, men and women are equally stereotyped into roles of masculinity vs. femininity. In order to fight for gender equality, we have to understand what gender equality is, and why feminism isn 't just for women.…

    • 1146 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays