Knowledge And Free Will In John Milton's Paradise Lost

Great Essays
In what is considered one of the most ambitious works in literary history, John Milton uses the retelling of the Christian creation story as an allegory for what it means to be truly human. Focalized in this endeavor is man’s movement from inception, through the pursuit of knowledge, to the fulfillment and execution of free will. While Christian ideology (in other words, popular ideology) bases itself in the belief of Adam and Eve’s fall acting as man’s first sin and initial disobedience to God, Milton contorts this famous myth to justify God’s allowance of the fall despite his omnipotence and “eye [which] views all things at one view” regardless of place, time, or subject (Paradise Lost 2.189-190). Conveniently, Milton’s exploration of knowledge and free will in the form of allegory in Paradise Lost closely parallels and is …show more content…
In essence, Milton reveals the epic’s climax, thus detaching literary elements like suspense, plot, and really any surface uncertainty from the poem (1.1-3). For Milton and his reader, the events that are to unfold are now known (if they were not already), which urges one to look within Milton’s treatment to decode some deeper meaning beyond the fall of man (or, we could be satisfied with lines 1.1-1.26). For instance, by dissecting the factors that contribute and justify Adam and Eve’s decision, Milton turns a mythical rendition into a suitable 12-book epic. As a reader, one must begin as Adam did, as a pupil inquisitively seeking his origin. The beginning of Adam’s pursuit of knowledge comes from his “divine instructor” Archangel Rafael (5.546). It is through the intersection between these lessons with Rafael and Milton’s prose work that Milton reveals the distinctive elements of Adam’s nature and education that can help to justify both his and God’s

Related Documents

  • Great Essays

    This chapter covers all the basics of what Christians ought to believe about creation, what the Bible says about creation, and about how the world was good before sin ruined it. The next chapter in this book is about the Fall. In this chapter, Wolters covers what Christians should think and know about the fall, how creation is not identified with the fall, and that world is perverted due to the fall. The third chapter is about Redemption. In this chapter the main issues that are covered are how redemption encompasses creation, Jesus’ ministry, and the basics of what a Christian should believe about redemption.…

    • 1244 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Decent Essays

    Sinner in the Hands an Angry God In “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”, Jonathan Edwards depicts the Great Awakening in an intense narrative passage. He bluntly states in the first paragraph that “If the “Natural men” don’t change their ways, or undergo conversions, they undoubtedly will endure the “wrath of God.” He uses a straightforward and direct tone. Using this as well as strong diction, and metaphors, Edwards manages to instill enough terror into the “Sinners” that urges them to redeem themselves.…

    • 206 Words
    • 1 Pages
    Decent Essays
  • Superior Essays

    It is impossible to write a book about the self without bias; each statement is crafted to appear a certain way. Consequently, readers must evaluate if statements made about the self are true or simply crafted through rhetorical devices. In one of the first books written of the self, Saint Augustine, later the Bishop of Hippo, writes of his conversion to Catholicism using a blend of rhetoric and scripture to persuade readers to evaluate their own selves. In his book, Confessions, Saint Augustine utilizes humility, contrast between the past and the present, and parallels from earlier passages and the Bible in order to create a persuasive stylized performance of his conversion to Catholicism. Humility plays a crucial role in Confessions and…

    • 1250 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Analysis of Hope, “Paradise Saved (Another Version of the Fall)” One who is familiar with the bible, will know of Adam and Eve – the first two humans who ever lived, but were banished from the Garden of Eden, for they disobeyed God by eating the forbidden fruit. Considering how this story is central to the Christian doctrine of original sin, it is impossible not to think about other possible scenarios. What if neither chose to eat? What if one of them did not eat? In A.D Hope’s poem “Paradise Saved”, by retelling the story of humanity 's original sin, the sonnet uses elements of imagery and narration to introduce the notion that although Adam was able to stay in the Garden of Eden by refusing to eat, due of his great sense of pride (which causes…

    • 1029 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Plato’s Timaeus is a Socratic dialogue in which the philosopher Timaeus explains the origins and composition of creation. Genesis 1, The Story of Creation, is part of the Hebrew Bible, it was composed around 1200 B.C.E., and influenced by other cultures of the time. Both Timaeus and Genesis 1 explore God’s relationship to creation and the natural world. However, the description of God and the cosmos differs between Timaeus and Genesis 1.…

    • 1434 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The Romantic Era was an artistic, literary, and intellectual movement that originated in Europe. In order for these artist’s feelings to be freely expressed, the content of their art needed to come from their imagination with little interferences from ‘artificial rules” dictating what should be in a work. Romantics tended to believe that a close connection with nature was both morally and mentally healthy, while they were distrustful of the human world. the focal points of romanticism are emotion, imagination, and freedom. Romantics also have a belief in children 's innocence and wisdom while they viewed adulthood as corruption and betrayal.…

    • 1127 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Prateek Gautam Dr. Ziva S Piltch Reading in the Humanities 9 October 2016 Temptation narrative: Genesis vs Paradise Lost The episode of the Fall of the Man is viewed with different perspectives from people to people and encounters several variances in literary pieces. John Milton’s “Paradise Lost”, which can be considered as a detailed version of the Genesis, provides a more in-depth and illustrative look of the process and the purpose of the temptation. Milton has provided the audience with sufficient details on the activities undertaken by Adam, Eve and the Satan in comparison to the similar account in the Genesis.…

    • 963 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    The Role of Knowledge in Paradise Lost and Frankenstein Throughout history, most human societies have valued knowledge and have used knowledge to improve the state of their civilizations. However, both Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and John Milton’s Paradise Lost discuss the dangers of knowledge. In Paradise Lost, fruit from the Tree of Knowledge causes the fall of man and introduces humanity to sin. In Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein’s thirst for knowledge leads to the creation of a monster and causes great despair for him and his entire family.…

    • 1880 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Improved Essays

    The pursuit of happiness is not just a fundamental right and theme found in the United States’ Declaration of Independence. It is an inward aspiration and impulse that has rooted itself as a fundamental need and craving for humanity. In Confessions by Saint Augustine, the pursuit of happiness, or simply desire, is an evident theme found within the juxtaposition of Augustine’s crimpling longings and struggle for earthly and spiritual desires. However, Augustine’s earthly and fruitless desires for lust, philosophical recognition, and theological knowledge, leads to the birth of his spiritual desire for fulfillment and ultimate conversion to Christianity.…

    • 914 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Milton’s Satan needs to make an appealing argument to convince others to follow his lead. He does this by championing a world view opposite of God’s. In some ways, Satan is the first idealist to counter God’s firmly realist philosophy. Satan accomplishes his ambitions through his speech, his rhetoric relies on clever manipulations of one of Aristotle’s means of persuasion, pathos, to make his audience more willing to listen to his ideas. Satan is a master…

    • 787 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Free will is defined as the power of acting without the constraint of necessity or fate; the ability to act at one’s own discretion. Two texts that I feel deal heavily with free will are Paradise Lost and Oroonoko. In Paradise Lost, Adam and Eve experience the struggle for free will with God, as they go through trials and eventually end up being removed from the Garden of Eden. In Oroonoko, is about an African man who is taken from his home along with his wife, and is forced into slavery. He then tries to escape from his newfound servitude, which ends in his death.…

    • 1530 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Improved Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Knowledge begins the day we are born; we begin to learn how to breathe, how to eat, and how to sleep, and then later we learn how to walk, how to talk, and how to ride a bicycle. We also learn not to touch a hot stove or swim right after we eat. All this knowledge is attained so quickly in our early years. Then in our teenage years we usually begin to make more mistakes, and those mistakes begin to have bigger consequences; these lessons mold and shape our lives and future choices. In Paradise Lost, John Milton shifts the concept of knowledge from being the perfect God-given amount before the Fall to being in excess after the Fall of mankind.…

    • 1374 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Superior Essays

    Lastly, all Christians believe in the same God. Milton’s main point he wants to get across if for Christians to not get beaten down on the small things and to remember who we all worship at the end of the day. He wants the world to not be based on several types of religious beliefs, but to all realize who God is. At the beginning of the story, there was a war between God and Satan.…

    • 1013 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Superior Essays
  • Great Essays

    Throughout history, John Milton’s Paradise Lost has been viewed as a controversial poem for several reasons. Whether it is Milton’s portrayal of Satan, as a semi-hero, with mainly heroic characteristics, or Milton’s God in Paradise Lost, one can see that the writer challenged conventional roles of his time. Less apparent is Milton’s progressive viewpoint on women in the poem. Although Milton cannot be classified as a feminist writer, Eve’s portrayal is highly liberal for the seventeenth century. In fact, Eve is one of Milton’s most empowered characters in Paradise Lost.…

    • 1781 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Great Essays
  • Improved Essays

    Robinson Crusoe can be considered a spiritual autobiography, a story of a man’s spiritual pilgrimage, from reprobate through regret and faith to devout man of God. Indeed, it is possible to trace Robinson’s progress from a state of sin to a state of grace, “a rebellion-punishment-repentance-deliverance sequence described from the earliest moment of Christendom as characteristic of fallen men who are accorded God’s grace” (Hunter 252). The spiritual autobiography usually includes some elements that are typical of the Puritan drama, known “as the drama of the soul”, which many scholars consider “educational, inspiring, and productive of greater piety and higher morality” (Hunter 251-252). Consequently, Crusoe serves the purpose of demonstrating…

    • 1234 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Improved Essays