Chapter Summary Of Lederach Chapter 2

Chapter 13 analyzes how post-war countries continue to face gender issues and human rights violations. Consequently, the unbalanced traditional gender roles created by societies have become culturally embedded into “all areas of behavior, [..] social institutions and practices.” (Ramsbotham 360) As a result, women continue to be marginalized and oppressed. Also, the aftermath of war has made it challenging for countries to effectively sustain socio-economic development and reconstruct peace and security. The inability to do so, continues to leave women vulnerable to violence and limited to occupy high government positions. Furthermore, Lederach stated that “finding one’s voice and meaningfully projecting voice are keys to change.” (Lederach …show more content…
In Chapter 11 of Lederach, the author emphasizes that implementing the metaphors of voice and resilience are prominent for communities to respond to violence. This relates to Chapter 13, because the unified voices of grassroots organizations are essential to establish social healing within the community. These organizations “create spaces of safety [..] connection and facilitate the ongoing search for places of belonging” (Lederach 199). For instance, the “Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom” (Ramsbotham 362) was a peace organization that provided women with voices to possibly achieve social change. Overall, grassroots organizations contribute to the community social …show more content…
During war and violence, the creation of various arts allows artists to express their thoughts, feelings, and values, like those of the community. Since many people are restricted to vocalize their thoughts and feelings artists can be “an alternative voice or resistance to the […] dominating voices of violence.” (Ramsbotham 407). The combined voices of the artists help “create the context, impulse, and resonance needed to dynamically build […] the social contract necessary for a healthy public sphere.” (Lederach 214) Overall, artists promote hope for community peacebuilding. Moreover, the author explains how the International Network of Museums and International Center of Photography promote peace culture and education. The historical artefacts of these museums “have been used as both witness and resistance to war and as imagery to express peace vision and transformation.” (Ramsbotham 407) Furthermore, the artefacts can help people develop a desire to end war and work for peace. Overall, visual arts can help a community heal, reject violence and envision a peaceful