Perfusion

Question 1 According to Mrs Brown’s clinical manifestations it can be diagnosed that she has pulmonary oedema. Congestive heart failure happens when the heart is unable to pump blood productively causing the backup of blood, which increases the blood pressure and causes fluids to collect in the alveoli in the lungs which leads to pulmonary oedema. According to the clinical manifestations Mrs Brown had an increased heart rate of 120 beats/minute, the increased heart rate is the heart beating…

Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) inhibitors lower blood pressure and produce vasodilation by inhibiting ACE – blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, key mediators of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS). RAAS is the main mechanism for controlling BP. Angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor and works by binding to angiotensin I receptors on smooth muscle – these are joined to a Gq protein and the IP3 signal transduction pathway. ACE usually breaks down bradykinin.…

INTRODUCTION Patient J is an elderly female who presented to the ED with pneumonia, pulmonary edema, hypoxia, and sepsis. Patient J’s genitourinary issues include stage three chronic kidney disease (hereinafter CKD) with high BUN and creatinine lab work supporting this condition. She also has a history of Diabetes Mellitus II which is of significance due to the relationship between high blood sugar and kidney damage. Also of significance are three contributors to the concept of chronic kidney…

Problem: Because a prerecorded transplant was viewed, detailed background information about the patient was not thoroughly divulged. Nonetheless, like any surgical procedure, a common reason for surgery is that function of the organ is completely lost and detrimental to the patient’s health. Surgeons and other physicians must determine whether the benefit of performing the procedure outweighs the risk of surgery. In this case, the patient must have lost function is both kidneys (as people can…

prerenal cause of AKI. What this means is that the cause of the AKI is a results of factors external to the kidneys. With heart failure the cardiac output is decresed which inturn decreases the perfusion to the kidenys so the kidneys are not receving enough oxygen to work correctly. With prolonged perfusion problems the cause of the AKI can progress from perrenal to intrarenal. This happens when the prerenal cause (heart failure/decreased profusion) is proonged and actully causes direct injury…

Acidosis Acidosis is defined as an arterial pH of less than 7.35, and can be a result of various disease states (Gerecht, 2014). Our blood pH in homeostasis is 7.35 to 7.45, so how in a trauma patient does it drop so low. Poor perfusion to tissue causes the body to work in a anaerobic state, this in return produces lactic acid. The lactic acid itself can cause a significant drop in pH level, but then think about the amount of crystalloid solutions we use for replenishment of blood volume.…

Brenner, Drennan, Treacy, and Fealy, (2015) mentioned that the practice of limiting a child for a medical procedure is an implicit and vital part in the care of children in hospital. After a pediatric heart catheterization, a Syvek patch, gauze, elastoplast, and pressure is held on the arterial puncture site for approximately thirty minutes. At Cook Childrens Medical Center, the practice was to place infants and small children in a papoose. However, this temporarily restrained and frightened…

BP with CBF velocities . If CPP levels fall below the lower limit of autoregulation, CBF will fall and contribute to oligemia. If CPP exceeds the upper limit of autoregulation, an excess of brain. This is an uncoupled increase in CBF, or luxury perfusion. Recent animal data suggest that the lower limit of cerebral autoregulation rises as ICP increases, which might mandate a progressively higher CPP goal to maintain constant CBF…

2008). On the other hand, an embolic stroke occurs when a blood clot or other matter forms away from the brain, moves through the bloodstream and is dislodged into the brain arteries. The regions of the brain affected with the highest degree of hypo perfusion transforms into irreversible damage, also known as the ischemic core (Moustafa & Baron, 2008). The remaining areas of hypoperfused tissue are divided into two compartments known as the ischemic penumbra and oligaemia. In the ischemic…

volume to maintain adequate cardiac output. This can happen from GI bleeds, childbirth massive blunt force trauma. In our body we have our own way of supply and demand, our body is supplied with oxygen in demand for our cellular function and organ perfusion. When our body’s oxygen demand is over taken by supply to our organs your body is…