Perfusion

Overview of The Myocyte The myocyte is composed of various protein filaments that comprise the contractile apparatus of the cardiac cell. Myofibrils, a collection of individual sarcomeres, enable contraction and relaxation of the myocyte. The sarcomere is the chief contractile unit of the cell. It is made up of two main proteins, myosin (thick filament) and actin (thin filament), as well as two regulatory proteins, tropomyosin and troponin. In order for the myocyte to contract and shorten it…

According to Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, and Camera (2014), pyelonephritis is defined as inflammation of the renal parenchyma, collecting system, and renal pelvis. Pyelonephritis can be categorized as acute or chronic. Acute pyelonephritis, the more common type, usually results from colonization and infection of the lower urinary tract that if left untreated can ascend through the urethral route and infect the kidneys (Lewis et al., 2014). Chronic pyelonephritis occurs when the kidneys…

Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) is often a feared complication of overly aggressive correction of hyponatremia (defined as < 135 mEq/L).1 Current guidelines1,2,3 dictate a slow correction of sodium, generally not exceeding 8-10 mEq/24 hrs to prevent CPM.1 CPM is a non-inflammatory demyelinating disease characterized by the loss of myelin in the base of the pons and carries a poor prognosis, often times resulting in death. We present a case in which an elderly gentleman was admitted for…

The patient was admitted into a small, rural hospital at 1900 for an ongoing complaint of unrelieved indigestion. The patient, 48 year old male has a history of and is presently involved with smoking. After admission into the hospital it is ruled out that the patient underwent a rule out myocardial infarction with further testing involving a cardiac catheterization to be done after admission upon a separate medical center. The patient also presents to the hospital with a history of a high-fat…

Physical Therapist Interventions for a Patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Jonathan De Castro Concorde Career College Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), it is an analysis that no patients want to obtain. ALS is a gradual neurodegenerative disorder that results in damage of brain stem and spinal motor neurons and gives growth to painless weakness and muscle atrophy with few or no sensory symptoms. “Amyotrophic” stands for muscle atrophy, and “lateral…

Kidney: Major Functions ✓ C-ontrols electrolyte and fluid balance ✓ R-egulates homeostasis of blood and acid-base balance ✓ R-egulates RBC production ✓ E-liminates end products of metabolism, ✓ S-ecretes renin, parathyroid hormones and Vitamin D [pic] The Kidney: Nephron • Functional unit of the kidney that produces urine by filtration Blood Supply of the Kidney • Renal artery- branch of the abdominal aorta • Renal vein- drains into the inferior…

Decompressive Craniectomy and the Return of Functionality in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients with Increased Intracranial Pressure The brain and its surrounding protective bony layer provide for a unique situation with regards to traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Unlike other tissue in the body, which are free to expand outwards when inflammation or trauma occurs, the brain cannot. In the average adult, the cranial vault has the ability to accommodate for up to 1500mL of volume. When cerebral…

tachycardia, is a sensitive early indicator of shock. NURSING STANDARD Capillary refill time (CRT) Capillary refill should occur within two seconds (Mackway jones ei a/ 2001 ) and a CRT of more than two seconds is indicative of poor peripheral perfusion possibly caused by hypovolaemia or severe dehydration. Press on the sternum/forehead/nail bed for two seconds in adults or five seconds in children and count seconds as blanched tissue returns to its usual colour. s/ooí/g/ücosemeffsü/'emení If…