Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
184 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Millipedes
|
Arthropoda, Uniramia, Diplopoda
scavengers, two pairs of legs |
|
|
can produce silk
|
arachnids, insects
|
|
|
filter feeders as adults
|
crustaceans
|
|
|
adaptations for life in water
|
crustaceans
|
|
|
crustacians
|
two pairs antennae
ventral nerve cord |
|
|
barnacles
|
dioecious, sessile, filter feeders
|
|
|
ticks
|
no mandibles
|
|
|
greatly reduced dermal ossicles
|
sea cucumbers
|
|
|
calcarious plates in connective tissue of echinoderms
|
dermal ossicle
|
|
|
sea urchins
|
skeleton called test
|
|
|
ticks and mites
|
arachnids
|
|
|
scorpions
|
dioecious, internal fertilization, live young
|
|
|
arthropod with no antennae
|
spiders (arachnids)
|
|
|
most numerous primary consumers in aquatic systems
|
copepods
|
|
|
most numerous arthropods
|
insects
|
|
|
human body lice
|
insecta, arthropoda
|
|
|
centipedes
|
predators, one pair of legs, chilopoda
|
|
|
starfish
|
asteroidea
|
|
|
aristotle's lantern
|
echinoidea
|
|
|
sea lillies and feather stars
|
crinoidea
|
|
|
present in asteroidea
|
tube feet, pedicellariae
NO test or oral tentacles |
|
|
crinoid habitat
|
marine
|
|
|
not present in sea cucumbers
|
pedicellariae
PRESENT: nervous system, oral tentacles, tube feet, muscles |
|
|
present in echinoidea
|
aristotle's lantern
test tube feet |
|
|
present in starfish
|
coelom
dermal ossicles tube feet |
|
|
leeches
|
hermaphoditic, secret hurdin
have a larval stage |
|
|
annelids
|
bilateral symmetry
complete digestive system closed circulatory system |
|
|
annelid evolution
|
Polychaetes are most primitive. Oligochaetes evolved from freshwater polychaetes. hirundea evolved from freshwater oligochaetes.
|
|
|
oligochaetes
|
have no larval stage
|
|
|
commercial pearls
|
Class Bivalvia
|
|
|
ink glands and water jets
|
Cephalopoda
|
|
|
annelids
|
have metamerism
have coelom NOT diploblastic |
|
|
oligochaetes
|
monoecious
have clitellum |
|
|
mantle cavity
|
gills in most molluscs
|
|
|
bivalvia
|
have two shells
|
|
|
cephalopoda
|
only some have external shell
|
|
|
gastopoda
|
garden slug
|
|
|
cephalopoda
|
octopus
|
|
|
mollusca
|
radula usually present
|
|
|
cephalopoda
|
best developed invertebrate eyes
|
|
|
radula
|
tongue-like structure in molluscs
|
|
|
cephalopoda
|
foot is modified into tentacles with suction cups
|
|
|
crabs
|
have biramous appendages
have ten legs |
|
|
crayfish
|
have ventral nerve cord
|
|
|
coelom
segmented body |
present in arthropods
|
|
|
sea stars and sea urchins
|
echinoderms with pedicellariae
|
|
|
excretory system
|
not present in echinoderms
|
|
|
monoecious
|
class turbellaria
|
|
|
mouth
|
undigested food in planaria eliminated through...
|
|
|
trematoda
|
fluke class
|
|
|
miracidium
|
fluke larvae, leave first immediate host
|
|
|
platyhelminthes
|
flatworm phylum
|
|
|
bird fluke
|
cercarial dermatitis (swimmers itch) from what kind of fluke
|
|
|
tapeworms
|
do not have a mouth
|
|
|
chinese liver flukes
|
first immediate host is snail
definitive host is human |
|
|
human
|
definitive host of pork tapeworm
|
|
|
aquatic plant
|
second immediate host of sheep liver fluke
|
|
|
advantage of sexual reproduction
|
recombination produce novel genotypes for adaptation
|
|
|
phagocytosis
|
protozoan ingestive heterotrophs take in nutrients by...
|
|
|
euglena
trypanosoma |
flagellated protozoa
|
|
|
protozoa
|
some have skeletons
marine forms are isotonic with sea water |
|
|
ciliated protozoan
|
paramecium
|
|
|
sporozoan protozoan
|
plasmodium
|
|
|
ingestive heterotrophs
|
holozoic
|
|
|
sponges
|
filter feeders
aquatic NOT bilaterally symmetrical |
|
|
acchaeocyte cells
|
mesohyal cells of sponges that are specialized for reproduction, food storage, and secreting skeleton
|
|
|
choanocyte cells
|
primary feeding cells of sponges
|
|
|
choanocytes and archaeocytes
|
sponge cells that produce eggs and sperm
|
|
|
flagellated spongocoels
|
asconoid sponges
|
|
|
snails, flatworms, and roundworms (NOT jellyfish and sponges)
|
triploblastic
|
|
|
multicellular
diploblastic |
jellyfish are...
|
|
|
polyp
|
sea anemone stage that reproduces sexually
|
|
|
sea anenome
coral |
has gastrovascular cavity
|
|
|
cnidocyte
|
jellyfish cell with nematocysts
|
|
|
hydrozoa
|
portuguese-man-of-war class
|
|
|
cubozoa and scyphozoa
|
medusa stage is predominant form for these classes
|
|
|
symbiotic algae called zooxanthellae
|
cause of coral bleaching
|
|
|
ctenophora
|
comb jellies phylum
|
|
|
comb jellies
|
no nematocysts
|
|
|
roundworms that cause elaphantiasis
|
roundworms
live in lymphatic system transmited by humans cause... |
|
|
phylogenetic systematic view of evolutionary taxonomy (cladistics)
|
accepts monophyletic groupings
|
|
|
Evolutionary systematic view of evolutionary taxonomy (traditional)
|
uses common descent and amounts of evolutionary change in recognizing higher taxa
|
|
|
synapomorphy
|
derived characteristic shared by members of a clade
|
|
|
fission and budding
|
examples of asexual reproduction
|
|
|
tapeworms
|
DO NOT have a mouth
NOT dioecious DO require immediate host |
|
|
nematoda
|
roundworm phylum
|
|
|
New World hookworm
Giant Intestinal Roundworm |
nematodes that spend part of their life in human lungs
|
|
|
human pinworm
|
adults live in large intestine of humans
|
|
|
cook all pork
|
to avoid being infected by trichina roundworm
|
|
|
psuedocoelom, dioecious
|
characteristics of roundworms
|
|
|
renette cells
|
responsible for osmoregulation in roundworms
|
|
|
some are oviparous
some are ovoviviparous |
reproduction in roundworms
|
|
|
also called filarial worms
|
also called heartworms
|
|
|
type of genetic drift
size of large pop is decreased to only a few individuals |
bottleneck effect
|
|
|
homozygous
|
both alleles on a pair of chromosomes at a certain locus are identical
|
|
|
phyletic gradualism (rate of speciation)
|
genetic change occurs gradualy over millions of years
|
|
|
Carolus Linnaeus
|
developer of hierarchial classification system
|
|
|
macroevolution
|
level of evolutionary changes that result in new species
|
|
|
ingestive heterotroph
|
obtains energy by eating other organisms
|
|
|
Kingdom Monera
|
Kingdom that includes bacteria
|
|
|
histology
|
study of tissues
|
|
|
ichthyology
|
study of fish
|
|
|
mammalogy
|
study of mammals
|
|
|
charles darwin
|
wrote origin of species
|
|
|
eukaryotic
|
cells with a nucleus
|
|
|
ethology
|
study of behavior
|
|
|
population
|
group of interbreeding organisms of same species in particular space
|
|
|
genetic drift
|
cange in frequency of alleles in a pop due to chance
|
|
|
coelomate
|
body cavity is lined with mesodermal peritonium
|
|
|
deuterostome development
|
Mouth DOES NOT develop from blastopore
|
|
|
Porifera
|
name of a phylum
|
|
|
evolution will occur if...
|
small pop size
mutations occur |
|
|
Phylum Chordata
|
deuterostomes(anus from blastopore)
radial cleavage |
|
|
echinodermata (and chordata)
|
phylum with radial cleavage
|
|
|
stabilizing
|
type of natural selection most important for animals already adapted
|
|
|
allopatric speciation
|
when subpops become isolated and evolve different characteristics
|
|
|
diploblastic phylums
|
Porifera-sponges
cnidaria-jellyfish |
|
|
included in kingdom protista
|
algae and slime molds
|
|
|
a postmating reproductive isolating mechanism
|
sperm can't fertilize eggs
|
|
|
ZOOL 1604
|
Final is worth 150 points
|
|
|
evidence of evolution according to evolutionary biologists
|
paleontology
comparative anatomy biogeography molecular biology |
|
|
Hardy-Weinberg Theorem
|
DOES NOT state that evolution always occurs
|
|
|
Protostomia
|
mouth develops from the blastopore
|
|
|
Kingdom Fungi
|
organisms in this kingdom are eukaryotic, multicellular, heterotrophs
|
|
|
Protista
Plantae Fungi Animalia |
includes multicellular organisms
|
|
|
Cnidaria
|
has gastovascular cavity instead of digestive tract
|
|
|
porifera and platyhelminthes
|
are acoelomates
|
|
|
Phylogenic species concept
|
even pops that differ in very minor characteristics will be considered a species
|
|
|
biological species concept
|
doesn't cover axexual organisms
|
|
|
postmating reproductive isolating mechanism
|
hybrids are sterile
|
|
|
sympatric speciation
|
occurs within single pop
|
|
|
the study of hormones
|
NOT entomology (endocrinology)
|
|
|
punctuated equilibrium
|
NOT evolutionary change over millions of years
|
|
|
outward appearance of individual
|
phenotype
|
|
|
study of past geological periods through fossil remains
|
paleontology
|
|
|
allele
|
the term for different forms of the same gene that occupy the same locus on a pair of chromosomes
|
|
|
tropical fish
|
poikilothermic and ectothermic
|
|
|
supracoracoideus muscle
|
raises wing, on ventral side
|
|
|
salt glands to rid selves of excess salt
|
why birds can drink sea water
|
|
|
all genes in pop
|
gene pool
|
|
|
NOT included in evolutionary theory
|
hardy-wienberg
|
|
|
common descent
multiplication of species perpetual change gradualism natural selection |
included in evolutionary theory
|
|
|
Cnidaria
|
radially symmetric
|
|
|
sexually, asexually, budding reproduction
|
sponges (cnidaria)
|
|
|
premating isolating techniques
|
different songs of songbird species, reproductive parts don't fit together
|
|
|
all organisms of phylum chordata have
|
notochord
|
|
|
subphylum cephalochordata
|
has all four chordate traits through life
|
|
|
four chordate traits
|
notochord
dorsal nerve cord pharyngeal pouches and gill slits postanal tail |
|
|
neotony
|
reproduce in juvenile stage
|
|
|
shark scales
|
placoid
|
|
|
allowed elasmobranchs to get off the sea floor
|
heterocercal tail
oil-filled livers cartiligious skeleton |
|
|
bony fish characteristics
|
swim bladder
homocercal tail usually have bones lobed fins can walk on bottom |
|
|
significance of porifera
|
multicellular, specialized cells
|
|
|
catadromous fish
|
migrate to sea to spawn
|
|
|
migrate to freshwater to spawn
|
anadromous fish
|
|
|
amphibians...
|
tetrapod that still needs water to breed
|
|
|
Kingdom Protista
|
catch-all kingdom, contains resemblances of fungi, plants, and animals
|
|
|
external, in water
|
amphibian fertilization
|
|
|
oviparous reptiles
|
lay eggs on land
|
|
|
NOT true of squamata
|
some have a carapace
|
|
|
vertebrate blood cells (except mammals)
|
nucleated blood cells
|
|
|
most birds
|
have internal fertilization
(NOT 'fly', or 'precocial' young) |
|
|
bird lungs
|
expand upon exhalation
|
|
|
Cnidarian stages
|
polyp and medusa
|
|
|
class Anthazoa stages
|
only polyp
|
|
|
altricial development in birds
|
eyes don't open until well after hatching
|
|
|
mammals in Monotremata
|
mammals that lay eggs
|
|
|
geographical formations that enhance the study of evolution
|
mountains
oceans islands |
|
|
fossils include...
|
skeletal remains
mineralized poo frozen creatures |
|
|
site of final digestion in scyphozoa(jellyfish)
|
cell level
|
|
|
phylum platyhelminthes
|
flatworm phylum
|
|
|
spreads filarial worms
|
mosquitoes spread...
|
|
|
roundworm
|
triploblastic, billaterally symmetrical, unsegmented, psuedocoelomate, complete digestive tract
|
|
|
jellyfish
|
aquatic, mostly marine, gastrovascular cavity, radial symmetry
|
|
|
phylum annelida significance
|
metamerism
|
|
|
oligochaete sexuality
|
monoecious
|
|
|
Echinoderm frequency
|
phylum of common regeneration
|
|
|
sea urchin characteristics
|
tube feet
pedicellariae test spines |
|
|
kingdom monera (bacteria)
|
prokaryotic organisms
|
|
|
cleavage of invertebrates
|
spiral cleavage (who)
|
|
|
mouth develops from blastopore
|
protostomia
|
|
|
adult anurians respire...
|
respiration with lungs AND cutaneously
|
|
|
scientific theory
|
has never been disproved
|
|
|
salmon are...
|
anadromous
assume breeding form aggressive males during breeding |
