Yyyy Trace Elements Intro

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- if a deficiency impairs a biochemical or functional process and replacement of the element corrects this impairment

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Essential element

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are of medical interest primarily because many of them are toxic

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Nonessential trace elements

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•is an analytical procedure for the quantitative determination of elements through the absorption of optical radiation by free atoms in the gas phase.

•The spectra of the atoms are line spectra that are specific for the absorbing elements

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Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

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which emits the spectrum of the analyte element

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Radiation (light) source

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In which the atoms of the element of interest in the sample are formed

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Atomizer

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for the spectral dispersion of the radiation and separation of the analytical line from other radiation

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Monochromator

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permitting measurement of radiation intensity

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Photodetector

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are an ideal source for determining most elements by atomic absorption

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Hollow cathode lamps (HCLs)

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for volatile elements

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Electrodeless discharge lamps (EDLs)

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4 Most Important Components Of Atomic Absorption Spectrophotomerty

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1. Radiation (light) source

2. Atomizer

3. Monochromator

4. Photodetector

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2 types of radiation (light) source

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1. Hollow cathode lamps

2. Electrodeless discharge lamps

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2 types of atomizers

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1. Flame

2. Graphite furnace

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are the most commonly used atomizers in flameless AAS

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graphite tubes

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are often measured by GFAAS

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Selenium, cadmium, and lead

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Transcribe (ICP-MS)

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Inductively Coupled Plasma - Mass Spectrometry

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ICP-MS measures the mass-to-charge ratio (molecular mass divided by ionic charge [m/z]) of selected analyte ions) and includes the following components:

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(1) an ion source

(2) mass analyzer

(3) an ion detector