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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Allied Powers |
Great Britain, France, and Russia |
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Central Powers |
Germany, Austria-Hungary, and the Ottoman Empire of Turkey |
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Neutrality |
-Not taking sides -At the start of WWI the U.S did not want to enter the battle and claimed neutrality. This did not last long due to American ships and citizens getting caught in the cross fire. |
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Submarine Warfare |
-New technology that allowed the Germans to undermine Britain's blockade. |
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Lusitania`` |
A British passenger liner that was struck by German forces and sank, along with the ship its passengers including 128 Americans. The death of these innocent Americans challenged the neutrality of the country. |
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Sussex Pledge |
-This was a promise from the Germans not to sink any more passenger ships, without warning. - This was broken in March 1916 when German torpedo struck the Sussex. -This also made sure America could keep its neutrality because if Germany kept killing their citizens they would have been called to action |
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Propaganda |
-information, especially of a biased or misleading nature, used to promote or publicize a particular political cause or point of view. -Propaganda was used to convince the general public that war was needed and that in this war they're the good guys. |
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Preparedness |
Greater defense expenditures. The country needed to ready itself for war but President Wilson (democrat) originally opposed the bill. Democrats did not favor the expansion of armed forces. Americans were opposed to preparedness because getting ready 'just in case' makes you more likely to get involved. |
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Election of 1916 |
Wilson's refrain from war and Charles Evans Hughes' weakness as a candidate gave the election to Wilson. |
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Jeannette Rankin |
First woman ever in congress Voted no for the declaration of war along with Robert LaFollette. |
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Edward House |
.Colonel sent to London, Paris, and Berlin as a peace negotiator |
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Zimmerman telegram |
German forces secretly made contact with Mexico and tried to coax them into an alliance by promising to help them regain land from America. |
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Russian Revolution |
Americans and Wilison did not agree with Russia's form of government. Russia was an ally but American refused because of the Czar's government but it was soon overthrown thus removing one of the barriers that kept America from war. |
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Declaration of War |
April 2, 1917 Wilson asked congress for approval of war between the two countries. April 6 it was approved. |
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War Industry Boards |
Set production priorities and established centralized control over raw materials and prices. A bank account for the war |
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Food Administration |
Encouraged American households to eat less so that more goods could be shipped to French and British troops. Within two years that shipment of food tripled. |
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Railroad Administration |
-took public control of the railroads |
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National War Labor Board |
Helped settle disputes between workers and employers during the war. The board soon approved rights earlier denied to workers. -increased wages -eight-hour day -union memebership |
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Taxes and Bonds |
Money collection for the war
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Selective Service Act 1917 |
The military believed they needed more soldiers so they created the draft. Men between 21 and 30 (at random) would be inducted into the military |
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Service of African Americans |
Racial segregation was still prevalent in troops as it was in everyday life. Colored soldiers served in separate regimes and were not allowed to hold higher rankings. But they believed that fighting for democracy would gain them equality at home.
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Committee On Public Information |
Used to influence public opinion on the war |
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Geroge Creel |
Journalist and head of Committee on Public Information (propaganda agency) |
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Anti-German Hysteria |
The fear anything and everything German.
xenophobia |
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Espionage Act 1917 |
Made it legal to imprison someone for up to 20 years for trying to start a rebellion or hinder the draft. |
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Sedition Act 1918 |
Made it legal to jail people for speaking poorly about the U.S government |
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Eugene Debs |
Socialist who was imprisoned for opposing the war
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Schenck v. United States |
Oliver Wendell Holmes concluded that the right to free speech could be limited when it represented a clear and present danger to public safety |
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Wartime Jobs for women |
Women began to enter the workforce because the men who usually occupy those jobs were being drafted.
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Attitudes towards suffrage |
The realization of women's strength and potential in war times due to them stepping in convinced Wilson and Congress to support the 19th amendment.
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Migration of Blacks and Hispanics |
Job opportunities attracted large groups of Blacks and Mexicans. The Mexican revolution was a push factor for the citizens and the need to move up in socio-economical status for Blacks.
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Bolsheviks withdraw |
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American Expeditionary Force |
-Lead by General John J. Pershing The AEF was used to 'fill in gaps' or support the French and British troops. They were like the missing link. |
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John J. Pershing |
the leader of AEF.
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November 11, 1918 |
.Germans signed an armistice (truce) in which they would surrender and evacuate. |
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Fourteen points |
A list that pinpointed the causes of WWI in order to prevent another war |
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"Peace without victory" |
To establish unity or peace without compensation or a reward |
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Big Four |
David Lloyd George of Great Britain Georges Clemenceau of France Vittorio Orlando of Italy Wilson Leaders of the countries who were apart of the allies |
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Treaty of Versailles |
Wilson traveled abroad to defend his fourteen a point plan. He was the first president abroad to attend a diplomatic conference. |
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Self-Determination |
Land taken from a power and given independence . Used as a penalty or consequence for Germany |
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League of Nations |
The result of the Paris treaty that ended WWI |
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Article X |
A requirement of members of the League of Nations to be prepared to defend other nations. |
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Henry Cabot Lodge |
mass. senator |
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Irreconcilables |
One of the opposing groups of the Treaty of Versailles. They could not accept the U.S membership no matter the conditions of the charter. |
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Wilson's stroke |
He went on a speaking your supporting the league and exhausted himself. 9/25/1919 He suffered from a fatal stroke. |
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Rejection of Treaty |
Wilson directed his senate allies to reject the compromise and they rejoined the irreconcilables |
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Recession, loss of jobs |
An excessive amount of goods after the war caused a decline of jobs |
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Falling farm prices |
.After the war European farm goods were back on the market and because of its many sources, the price fell. Consumers went on a shopping spree and this led to inflation(1920) but it fell into a recession. (1921) |
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Red Scare |
Anti-Communism based on the pre-existing German xenophobia and led to tighter immigration laws (anti-radical) |
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Palmer Raids |
Unexplained bombings which contributed to the fear of radicals |
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Xenophobia |
Fear of foreigners. |
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Strikes of 1919 |
.-Seattle 60,000 unionists joined shipyard workers in a peaceful strike for higher wages. - U.S steel corporation state and federal troop were called and it disbanded after violence |
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Boston police strike |
The police went on strike because their right to unionize was denied. |
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Race Riots |
The migration of blacks to the north increased racial tensions. Whites were unhappy because they actually had to work to get what they wanted instead of it being guaranteed. |
