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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
alliance
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coalition of states that coordinate their actions to accomplish some end
-formalized in written treaties, concern threat and related issues of international security and endure across a range of issues and a period of time |
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coalition
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shorter-term agreement (US led forces in Iraq
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alliance cohesion
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: the ease with which the members hold together an alliance
-high when national interests converge and when cooperation w/in alliance becomes institutionalized and habitual |
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burden sharing
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when conflicts arise over who bears the cost of the alliance
-extended deterrence= strong state’s use of threats to deter attacks on weaker clients- US threat to attack soviet union if invaded w Europe |
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-North Atlantic Treaty Organization
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encompasses W Europe and N America-26 NATO members possess noearly half world’s total GDP
-each state contributes own military units with own national culture, language, and equipment specifications |
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Warsaw Pact
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NATO’s counterpart in E Europe during Cold War, Soviet led founded 1955 and disbanded in 1991
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-US Japanese Security Treaty:
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second most important alliance-bilateral alliance
-US maintains 50,000 troops in Japan w/ weapons, equipment, and logistical support |
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nonaligned movement
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led by India and Yugoslavia
-Commonwealth: group of countries w/ historical ties to Britain working together for mutual economic and cultural benefit -African Union: has continent wide parliament, central bank, nd court |
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statecraft
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the art of managing state affairs and effectively maneuvering in the world of power politics among sovereign states
-2/5 vetoes China used in UN Security Council were to block peacekeeping forces in countries that extended recognition to China |
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deterrence
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uses a threat to punish another actor if it takes a certain negative action
-believe one party more likely escalate into war when conflict wear |
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compellence
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: use of force to make another actor take some action
-harder to get another state to change course (compellence) than to refrain from chaning course (deterrence) |
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escalation
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strategy used to compel compliance by another state- series of negative sanction of increasing severity appliedi n order to induce another actor to take some action
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arms race
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reciprocal process in which 2+ states build up military capabilities in response to eachother
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rational actors
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those who weld power while engaging in statecraft behave I their efforts to influence others
-unitary actor assumption/strong leader assumption: the actor exercising power is single entity that can think about action coherently and make choices |
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national interest
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exercise of power attempts to advance interests of state itself
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-cost-benefit analysis
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calculating the costs incurred by a possible action and the benefits it is likely to bring
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-game theory
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branch of math concerned w/ predicting bargaining outcomes. Aims to deduce likely outcomes
-first used in 50s and 60s by scholars trying to understand US soviet nuclear war contingencies |
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-zero sum games
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one player’s gain is equal to the other’s loss-no point in communication or cooperation between players because interests diametrically opposed
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-nonzero sum game
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possible for both player to gain or lose- coordination of moves can maximize the total payoff to the players
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Prisoner’s Dilemma
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rational players choose moves that produce an outcome in which all players are worse off than under a different set of moves
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geneva convention
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2+ states signed agreement how to treat prisoners
-rules diplomacy-diplomatic immunity -US diplomats held hostage Iran against diplomacy |
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realism
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emerged in opposition to liberalism
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liberalism
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influenced by Woodrow Wilson
-human beings basicall good people-rational actors -when apply reason and common sense everyone can benefit--guided by altruism |
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Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928
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outlaw war
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idealists
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see world way want it to be-ideal world, view human nature as naive- mistaken view
-motivated by power- contrast liberal views -emphasis peace, cooperation, international law, need for security -pessimist view of nature-people self centered |
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anarchy
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lack of central govt. that can enforce rules
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anarchical system of sovereign states
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evey state sovereign but no higher force
-IR rooted in conflict b/c no higher authority enforce states |
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self-help system
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states have to act in own self-interest
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ideogical crusade
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to impose views on people
-maintain based international failure |
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analytical tools
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not problems w/ answers, not steps
-core ideals realists employ to make sense of the world |
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security dilemma
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no world govt. international anarcy
-self help states run risks actions misinterpreted by other states -function of anarchy -hope realists have prudent leaders wont let escalates out control problem leaders want confrontation |
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balance of powers
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1+ states power used balance that of another state
-state growing strength trying dominate other states -1+ countries block state from getting too strong |
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balancer
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countries A tries balance B
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alliances
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former more get involved
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bandwagon
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ppl joining larger group
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blocs
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nations balancing formal alliance (treaty), informal alliance
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containment
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block soviets from expanding influnce
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systemic polarity
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exhibiting similar powers/ properties in contrasting parts
-US side vs. Soviet side |
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bi polar system
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US. vs. Soviets
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mulitpolar system
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centers power
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neo-realism
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1970s newer understanding realism
-rejected rule realists innately bad -scientific rules-modeled on econ -kept key premise international anarchy |
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bi-polar system
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best system most stable form
-# great power conflicts=fewer reduces # great power wars -easier operate system deterrance -only 2 powers dominate international system, chaces miscalc + misadventure lower |
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deterrence
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dont attack me, won't attack you
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uni polar system/hegemony
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stranges state has so much power international system, completely dominate rules which international politics + economics conducted
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regional hegemon
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india of Asia,
cultural-dominant ideals, norms |
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mass culture
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cultural influence
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hegemonic stability theory/hegemonic peace
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if have benign, good hegemon, increase peace + stability on global level
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near peer competitors
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who challege US-chica
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contemporary liberalism/neoliberalism
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positive view human nature
-faith in huan reason- rational principles apply iR -recognize individuals self-interested only up to point -ppl share interests-can work together(mutually beneficial cooepration) |
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mutually beneficial cooperation
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people share interests and can work together
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blocs
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nations balancing formal alliance (treaty), informal alliance
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containment
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block soviets from expanding influnce
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systemic polarity
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exhibiting similar powers/ properties in contrasting parts
-US side vs. Soviet side |
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bi polar system
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US. vs. Soviets
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mulitpolar system
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centers power
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neo-realism
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1970s newer understanding realism
-rejected rule realists innately bad -scientific rules-modeled on econ -kept key premise international anarchy |
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bi-polar system
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best system most stable form
-# great power conflicts=fewer reduces # great power wars -easier operate system deterrance -only 2 powers dominate international system, chaces miscalc + misadventure lower |
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deterrence
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dont attack me, won't attack you
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uni polar system/hegemony
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stranges state has so much power international system, completely dominate rules which international politics + economics conducted
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regional hegemon
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india of Asia,
cultural-dominant ideals, norms |
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mass culture
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cultural influence
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hegemonic stability theory/hegemonic peace
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if have benign, good hegemon, increase peace + stability on global level
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near peer competitors
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who challege US-chica
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contemporary liberalism/neoliberalism
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positive view human nature
-faith in huan reason- rational principles apply iR -recognize individuals self-interested only up to point -ppl share interests-can work together(mutually beneficial cooepration) |
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mutually beneficial cooperation
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people share interests and can work together
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