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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Southwest Monsoon |
wet, rainy, during the summer |
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Northeast Monsoon |
dry, hot, during the winter |
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Hindu Kush mountains |
accessed through the Khyber pass, rains during Southwest Monsoon season (summer) |
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Himalayas |
more than 5.5 miles tall, forms border to keep India somewhat isolated, "Home of the Snows" |
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Thar Desert |
rocky/sandy, rain is rare |
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Indus River |
best farmland in the world, very fertile |
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Brahmaputra River |
flows through Himalayas and gets deeper when it reaches the valley |
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Ganges River |
starts in Himalayas, rich nutrients (surrounding land fertile), people lived here in 500 B.C.E. |
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Deccan Plateau |
rain during southwest monsoon season, rich in iron and cotton, fertile soil |
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western and eastern ghats |
form a "V" around the Deccan Plateau |
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Bay Bengal |
to the right of the eastern ghat and Deccan Plateau |
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Indian Ocean |
below India |
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Arabian Sea |
to the left of the western ghat and the Deccan Plateau |
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Upper Indus |
Punjab (north) |
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Lower Indus |
Sind (south)- comes from Sindhu meaning "river" |
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Mohenjo-Daro |
found in 1922, complex sewer systems including the Great Bath, straight streets in a grid-like pattern, no weaponry |
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Harappa |
oldest civilization, organized training w/Mesopotamia, height in the bronze age, chickens were farmed and cotton for textiles |
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Aryans |
warriors, brought chariots and Hindu religion from west, North Indians (non indigenous), migrated through Indus to India |
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Dravidians |
were driven down, South Indians (indigenous) |
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Hinduism |
3rd largest religion in the world, least dogmatic, and polytheistic. Indra/Agni/Varuna=most popular gods |
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Caste system |
Purusa and social order: Brahman- mouth- priests; Ksatria- arms- warriors, noblemen, kings; Vaishyas- thighs, workers, commanders; Shudras- feet- non Aryan slaves, serfs |
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Brahman |
cosmic energy |
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Upanishads |
philosophical treatise on the meaning of rituals from the veda |
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Yoga |
mystical, spiritually pure |
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Karma |
determines your next life's fate and your past lives determine which caste you are in |
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samsara |
the cycle of life, death, and rebirth |
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moksha |
the liberation/release from samsara (completion). if you live your life to the fullest, release from samsara allows your soul to merge w/ Brahma (the universe) |
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Jainism |
the practice of ahimsa, they believe all life forms are equal, and they believe in individualism |
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Ahimsa |
non-violence w/ all living creatures |
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Guatama Buddha |
a prince of Shakyas, became the Buddah |
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stupas |
Buddha's ashes that were separated into 8 shrines |
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Devotional Hinduism |
when you worship a god (with family) they have the power to look over and protect you |
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Chandragupta Maurya
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warrior king, wrote laws; built 1,000 mile road; huge army |
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Chandragupta's advisor Kautilya |
wrote Arthashastra (Science of Material Gain); treatise on material gain, combination of Legalism and Confucianism |
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Ashoka |
buddhism spread because of him |
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Ashoka's edicts |
1. accept Buddhist values, act morally 2. general welfare of his people 3. justice- fair laws, treatment in court and jails 4. security- concern about enemies |
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Gupta Empire |
university system, literature, painting, sculpture, iron/metal work, mathematics, and roads |
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Asceticism |
extreme and harsh physical discipline that leads to spiritual purity |
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dharma |
religious duty to be the best you can be |
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Ganisha |
bearer of good fortune, remover of obstacles, prayed to at the start of adventure, tusk was broken to write the Mahabharata |
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Four Noble Truths` |
1. suffering is present in all things; nothing last forever 2. suffering is caused by desires, cravings, and wants 3. the way to end suffering is to give up desires, cravings, and wants 4. the way to give up desires, cravings, and wants is to practice the eight fold path |
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The Eight Fold Path |
a set of principles which find the middle ground between indulging oneself in material things and punishing the body in harsh ways: 1. right understanding, 2. right intention, 3. right speech, 4. right action, 5. right livelihood, 6. right effort, 7. right mindfulness, 8. right concentration |
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the three roots of evil |
greed and desire (rooster), ignorance or delusion (pig), hatred and destructive urges (snake) |
