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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Iliad?
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~The Iliad is an epic poem of ancient Greece written by Homer.
~It offered a Greek perspective on a war waged with by a band of Greek warriors against the city of Troy in Anatolia during the 12th century. ~It described scores of difficulties faced by Greek warriors. ~Portrays Greeks as expert and fearless seamen. ~It made clear that maritime links touched peoples throught the Mediterranean Basin. |
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Tell about the politics of ancient Greece.
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~Lived in independent city-states
~In the late 3rd century B.C.E. it played a prominent role in the centralized empire. |
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What are the 2 early groups of ancient greece?
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Minoan and Mycenanean Societies
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What makes the Minoan Society important?
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~arose on the island of crete.
~Named after the legendary king of ancient Crete. ~Knossos as their most notable palace. |
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What makes the Minoan Society important?
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~arose on the island of crete.
~Named after the legendary king of ancient Crete. ~Knossos as their most notable palace. ~devised Linear A |
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What made the Mycenanean Society important?
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~Devised Linear B
~built massive stone fortresses and palaces. ~Named after Mycenae, one of the m ost important settlements. ~took over the Cretean palaces. |
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What was the Minoan society's language?
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~Linear A - written symbols stood for syllables rather than words, ideas, vowels, or consonants.
~Linguists haven't been able to decipher it yet. |
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What was the Mycenanean language?
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~Linear B - adapted it from Linear A.
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What is a Greek city-state called?
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A polis
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What is an archon?
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1. A high official; a ruler. 2. One of the nine principal magistrates of ancient Athens. 3. An authoritative figure; a leader: archons of cultural modernism.
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What is a tyrant?
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An absolute ruler who governs without restrictions.
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What is an emperor?
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The male ruler of an empire.
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What is a hellas?
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The Greek name for Greece.
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How was the Spartan city-state run?
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~Healots provided agricultural labor and keep Sparta supplied with food.
~Stood basically on the foundation of military discipline and its institutions both reflected and reinforced the larger society's commitment to military values. ~they had a military state that could crush any threat. |
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What made one Spartan more important than the other?
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~prowess, discipline, and military talent.
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Describe the Athenian democracy?
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~they negotiate order by considering the interests of polis's various constituencies.
~Only free adult males played a role in public affairs, leaving foreigners, slaves, and women with no direct voice in government. |
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Who is Solon?
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~He formed a compromise between the classes.
~He allowed aristocrats to keep their lands-rather than confiscate them and redistribute them to the landless individuala, as many preferred-but he cancelled debts, forbade debt slavery, and liberated those already enslaved for debt. ~Also provided recognition for the common class. |
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Who is Pericles?
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~The most important athenian leader.
~he made athens become the most sophisticated of the poleis. ~was a leader from 443-429 B.C.E. |
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Who is Miltiades?
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Athenian general who led Athenian forces to victory over the Persians at the Battle of Marathon in 490.
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What was the outcome of Greek colonization?
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~sponsored more communication, interation, and exchange that ever before among the Mediterranean lands and peoples.
~had an important political and social effects throughout the Mediterranean basin. |
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What are important battles of the Persian War?
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~490 B.C.E. - Darius sent an army and a fleet of ships to attack Athens.
--Athenians routed the Persian army at the battle of Marathon and then marched back to Athens in time to fight off the Persian fleet. ~480 B.C.E. - Darius's successor Xerxes dispatched a massive force consisting of perhaps 100 ships to subdue the Greeks. --The Persian army succeeded in capturing and burning Athens, but a Greek led by the Athenians shattered the Persian navy at the battle of Salmis. ~The following year a Greek force at Plataea routed the Persian army, whose survivors retreated to Anatolia. ~Greeks and Persians fought intermittently for more than a century. |
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What happened in the Peloponnesian War?
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~The poleis divided into two armed camps under the leadership of Sparta and Athens.
~404 B.C.E. - Spartans and their allies forced Athenians to uncondtional surrender. |
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Who is Cleisthenes?
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statesman regarded as the founder of Athenian democracy, serving as chief archon (highest magistrate) of the city-state (525-524). Cleisthenes successfully allied himself with the popular Assembly against the nobles (508) and imposed democratic reform. Perhaps his most important innovation was the basing of individual political responsibility on citizenship of a place rather than on membership in a clan.
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Who is Xerxes?
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~Darius's successor.
~Persian king. ~ |
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Who is Xerxes?
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~Darius's successor.
~Persian king. ~480 B.C.E. - Darius's successor Xerxes dispatched a massive force consisting of perhaps 100 ships to subdue the Greeks. --The Persian army succeeded in capturing and burning Athens, but a Greek led by the Athenians shattered the Persian navy at the battle of Salmis. |
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Who is Darius?
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~A Persian leader
~490 B.C.E. - Darius sent an army and a fleet of ships to attack Athens. |
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Who is Darius?
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~A Persian leader
~490 B.C.E. - Darius sent an army and a fleet of ships to attack Athens. --Athenians routed the Persian army at the battle of Marathon and then marched back to Athens in time to fight off the Persian fleet. |
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What is the Delian League?
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~poleis created an alliance called the Delian League
~Athen's was the leader off this alliance. |
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Who is Alexander of Macedon?
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~he was the successor of Philip of Macedon.
~he assembled and army of about 37 thousand men to invade Persian. ~he was a brilliant strategist and an inspired leader. ~he held Ionia, Anatolia, Syria, Palestine, Eygpt, Mesopotamia, and Persia. |
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Who is Philip of Macedon?
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~Dad of Alexander of Macedon.
~built a powerful military. ~brought greece under his control. ~he was assasinated. ~wanted to invade Persia. |
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Who is Alexander of Macedon?
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~he was the successor of Philip of Macedon.
~he assembled and army of about 37 thousand men to invade Persian. ~he was a brilliant strategist and an inspired leader. ~fell ill and died |
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What all was included in his empire?
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~Inonia
~Anatolia ~Syria ~Palestine ~egypt ~Mesopotamia ~Persia ~names 70 cities Alexandria after himself |
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Who is Cyrus?
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conqueror who founded the Achaemenian empire, centred on Persia
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What were the 3 divisions of Alexander's Empire?
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1)Antigonid Empire
2)Ptolemaic Empire 3)Seleucid Empire |
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ALexander the Great had great personal beauty, invincible power of endurance, and a keen intellect. Who wrote this about him?
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~Arrian
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What was the wealthiest of the Hellenistic Empire?
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~Ptolemaic Empire
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Where is Ai Khanum located?
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~a hellenistic colony on the Oxus River in ancient Bactria
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Who is Sappho?
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~poet
~was a widow from an aristocratic family, invited young women to her home for instruction in music and leterature. --Critics charged her with homosexual activity, and her surviving verse speaks of her strong physical attraction to young women. |
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Where does Sappho live?
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~ the island of Lesbos
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What is the role of women in the Greek society?
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~They fell under the authority of thier fathers, husbands, or sons.
~sometimes they could operate a small buisness such as ahops and food stalls. ~the only public potion open for them was that of a preistess of a religious cult |
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who is socrates?
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~An Athenian
~was driven by a powerful urge to understand human beings and human affairs in all their complexity. ~didnt commit his thoughts to writings but Plato did. ~he posed questions that encouraged reflection on human issues, particularly on matters of ethics and morality. |
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Who is Plato?
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~Socrates "disciple"
~The cornerstone of his thought was his theory of Forms or Ideas. ~developed the belief that our world was not the only world of ginuine reality. ~Wrote the Republic |
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Who is Demeter?
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~Greek goddess of grain (excluded men)
~In honor of her women gathered on a hill for 3 days offered sacrafices to her and took part in a celebratory feast. |
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who is Dionysus?
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~God of wine (men somtimes joined in in celebrations)
~In the spring when the vines produce the fruit devotees retreated in the hills to celebrate with song and dance. |
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Who is Zues?
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~grandson of the earth and sky gods
~is the paramont ruler of all the divine realm |
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Who is Apollo?
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~Is a god who promoted wisdom and justice
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who is Hera?
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~sister-wife of Zeus, and queen of the Olympian gods.
~played an important part in Greek literature |
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Who is Euripide aristophanes and sophocleus?
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~the 3 great tragedians
~explored the possibiliries and limitations of hman action |
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Who is Euripide aristophanes and sophocleus?
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~the 3 great tragedians
~explored the possibilities and limitations of hman action |
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Who is Euripide aristophanes and sophocleus?
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~the 3 great tragedians
~explored the possibilities and limitations of human action |
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What is the difference between the Stoics and the Epicureans?
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~Epicureans identified pleasure as the greatest good.
~Stolics taught that individuals had the duty to aid others and lead virtuous lives. They also sought to bring individuals to a state of inner peace and tranquility. |
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What is Knossos?
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~Crete's most notable palace decorated with vivd frescos depicting minoans at work and play.
~It was the center of minoan society. |
