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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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First form of government in Rome
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aristocracy
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Aristocracy goverened by nobles, or ___________
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patricians
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Patrician elected by the Senate to supervise the business of government and command the armies
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consul
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peasants
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plebeians
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officials elected by plebeians to protect their interests
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tribunes
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Some of the rights of tribunes:
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could enact laws in the assembly, could hold all government offices--codefication of laws gives them leverage to argue any injustice
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Roman army
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legion
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How did soldiers feel about the Republic?
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That it belonged to them
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How did Romans treat conquered peoples?
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Justly. Even granted citizenship to some.
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Who fought in the Punic Wars?
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Rome and Carthage
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How many different wars make up the set called the Punic Wars?
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two
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Who won the Punic Wars?
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Rome
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What were some of the effects of Rome's successful conquests?
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-brought tremendous wealth to the already wealthy
-nobles acquired vast estates -merchants and businessmen filled army contracts and got rich off trade -farms were left untended (farmers left to go fight) |
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Who were the Gracchus brothers?
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Tribunes who got public funds to feed the poor, redistributed land to the poor, and were murdered by Senate thugs/hired killers
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From Republic to _______
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empire
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Who was the great figure that emerged amidst the chaos and disparity of the poor?
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Julius Caesar
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Whom did Julius Caesar defeat for control
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rival Pompey
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What improvements did Caesar make to help the poor?
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He made reforms to give jobs and redistributed the land back to the poor
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How did Caesar's power come to an end?
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He was assassinated by those fearing his popularity
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Who defeated Marc Antony and began the first empire?
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Octavian
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What did Octavian later change his name to?
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Augustus
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Who was the first ruler under the Pax Romana?
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Augustus
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Germanic tribes that invaded Rome
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the Huns
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What happened as a result of the Germanic invasions?
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Rome fell (more due to its own weakness than German strength)
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What happened after the first true fall of Rome?
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-Corrupt, authoritarian government (lost public support)
-Civil wars -Empire divided as it was being attacked |
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Who divided the empire into East and West?
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Diocletian
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Which half of the divided empire was the rich half?
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The East
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What were some of the economic weaknesses that occured after the division of Rome?
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-Heavier taxes were required for the support of the expanding bureaucracy and military efforts
-use of slave labour discouraged cultural innovations -the self-sufficiency of large estates hurt trade -small farmers abandoned their land -middle class sank into poverty; tremendous income gap |
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Division in ________: some Jews were willing to live under Roman rule while others were not
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Judea
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Those who refused to live under Roman rule were _______
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zealots
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Jesus Christ's greatest missionary
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St. Paul
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________ edict of Milan
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Constantine's
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What was the main reason the Coliseum was the beating heart of Rome?
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it was Democratic (people had a voice)
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Bread and circuses: emperors tried to win the support of the poor with ________ and ______
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spectacles and gladiator games
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