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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What 4 key elements are present in living organisms? |
Magnesium, Iron, Calcium & Phosphate |
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Define Macronutrient |
A chemical element needed in abundance for growth in animals and plants |
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What macronutrients are needed in plants? |
Magnesium, potassium and calcium |
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What macronutrients are required in animals? |
Proteins, fats and carbohydrates |
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Describe the characteristics of a plant lacking magnesium. |
Paleness in leaf edges/ leaves die and drop in extreme deficiencies |
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Describe the characteristics of deficiency of calcium in a plant. |
Dark green plant/ pale tender leaves/ leaves die in extremeties |
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Describe characteristics of an iron deficiency in a plant |
Pale leaves / green major veins/ no spots |
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Describe characteristics of a phosphate deficiency in plants |
Short plant, dark green, in extreme ties plant is black/brown, has a bronze underside |
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Describe 3 functions of magnesium in the body |
> Tooth & bone structure > Cofactors for enzymes > Essential for photosynthesis - part of chlorophyll molecule |
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Describe 3 functions of iron |
> Necessary for haem group in haemoglobin and myoglobin to carry oxygen in the blood. > Needed for cytochromes in cell respiration > Needed for some enzymes (catalase) |
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Describe 4 functions of calcium |
> Needed to form calcium overate in the middle lamella of cells > Constituent of bone, enamel and shells > Activates ATPase during muscle contraction > Needed for blood clotting
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Describe 3 functions of phosphate in the body |
> synthesis of nucleus acids, ATP and some proteins > Essential component of bone & enamel of teeth > Essential component of phospholipids in cell membranes |
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Why is water Bi-Polar |
It has a positive end H+ and a negative end O- |
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What forms when water bonds to other water molecules? |
Hydrogen bonds |
