Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Three main variables that determine fire behaviour? |
Fuel Weather Topography |
|
|
Five important characteristics of fuel? |
Moisture content Size - fine fuels easily ignite, coarse harder to ignite and burn longer more intense Arrangement - continuous or loosely arranged Quantity - more fuel greater the intensity Type - grass, crops, forest, scrubs etc |
|
|
Moisture can be based on? |
Smoke colour - dark, dry: white, moist Crackle test Gum leaf test |
|
|
Weather key factors impact fire spreading? |
Air temperature Relative humidity Wind - speed and direction Atmospheric stability |
|
|
Relative humidity is? |
A measure of the percentage of water vapour in a given volume of air |
|
|
Wind influences? |
Fires rate of spread Fires direction of spread Fires intensity Likelihood of spotting |
|
|
Katabatic winds vs anabatic winds? |
K - increase down slope or spread of fire over night A - increase the rate of spread of fires up slope |
|
|
Atmospheric stability? |
Stable - make fire behaviour predictable Unstable - make fire behaviour unpredictable |
|
|
Four elements of topography that affect fire behaviour? |
Slope Aspect - northern and western aspects burn more fiercely due to being warmer, drier and more sun Interaction between terrain and wind Elevation |
|
|
Spot fire? |
New fire that has been ignited ahead of the main fire by embers |
|
|
Three main types of fire are? |
Ground, surface and crown |
|
Front (Term) |
A - rear/heel B - flanks/sides C - fingers D - head fire E - spot fire F - point of origin |
|
|
PPE when attending wildfire? |
Wildfire - jacket, goggles, gloves, helmet Cargo pants GP boots P2 mask |
|
|
Approaching a fire you see dark smoke what does it mean? |
Large fire, dry fuel source, rich fuel source |
|
|
How do you fight an inaccessible wildfire? |
Indirect attack |
|
|
Defensive strategy is used when? |
The fire is too remote or too intense to be safely attacked or extinguished |
|
|
Different attacks? |
Flank - two appliances fighting each side of the flanks Head - going directly to head of fire Indirect - when fire is inaccessible Parallel - going around the fire and control line created |
|
|
Three ways structures may become involved in fire? |
Direct flame Ember attack Radiant heat |
|
|
What’s does LACES stand for? |
Lookout Awareness Communication Escape routes Safety zones |
|
|
What to do if you are in an appliance and threatened by fire? |
Park truck away from fuels Driver - three short blasts at one second, of the horn followed by three second break, repeat Pump running and set to idle Ensure all members are accounted for Leave all lights on truck on Close all windows, door and vents Prepare pump spray over for fire Cover all windows with internal cabin drop down radiant heat shielding Cover yourself with fire blanket Activate spray over Radio/communicate MAYDAY |
|
|
Red flag warning? |
Used to point out a danger Immediately acknowledge and repeat back Notify all crew and ensure they have understood |
|
|
Mopping up/blacking out is? |
Making sure contained or check fire does not restart |
|
|
Priority with wildfire? |
Rescue Structure protection Infrastructure Livestock Fences Areas of special interest |
