Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is a Zoo? |
• The term ‘Zoo’ is an abbreviation for Zoological gardens • It was probably first used as an abbreviation for the Clifton Zoo in Bristol in 1847 • In 1867 a music-hall song called ‘walking in the zoo’ popularised the use of the term |
|
|
Zoo Definitions |
• The Concise Oxford Dictionary (1976) - Zoological garden- Public garden or park with a collection of animals for exhibition or study • Collins Dictionary and Thesaurus (2000) - Zoo- A place where live animals are kept, studies, bred and exhibited to the public |
|
|
Zoos defined by Law |
Australia New South Wales, Zoological Parks Board Act 1973 • s4(1) “zoological Park” means a zoological garden, aquarium or similar institution in which animals are kept or displayed for conservation, scientific, educational, cultural or recreational purposes. USA Animal Welfare Act 1966 • Zoo means any park, building, cage, enclosure, or other structure or premise in which a live animal or animals are kept for public exhibition or viewing, regardless of compensation Europe The legal definition used within the EU is: • “zoos” means all permanent establishments where animals of wild species are kept for exhibition to the public for 7 or more days a year (Council Directive 1999/22/EC (Zoos Directive), Article 2). • This definition encompasses traditional zoos, drive-through safari parks, aviaries, snake parks, insect collection, aquariums |
|
|
Why do people visit zoos? |
Biophilia • ‘The innately emotional affiliation of human beings to other living organisms’ (Wilson, 1993) - Often quoted as the reason why people feel drawn to zoos and wild places |
|
|
Zoos are Popular |
• Wildlife is very popular with the public • WAZA estimates that >700 million people visit zoos each year |
|
|
Five categories of visitors |
1. Facilitators- providing a social experience for someone else 2. Explorer- visit for personal interest- curiosity driven 3. Experience seekers- tourists or local people who value the zoo as part of the community 4. Professional/ hobbyist 5. Spiritual pilgrims- common in aquariums- seeking a contemplative experience |
|
|
Zoo licensing in England |
• Under the Zoo Licensing Act 1981 a Zoo must be licensed - By the locals authority within whose boundaries it is situated • However, the Secretary of State may make an exception - For example, under s. 14(1)(a) of the Act if a local authority makes an application for a dispensation • Ultimately, DEFRA is responsible for Zoos |
|
|
Exemptions |
Such exemptions are normally available for: - Traditional deer parks - Collections, of small, non-hazardous and non-conservation sensitive wild species not normally exceeding 120 specimens Licensed zoos are subject to inspection |
|
|
Zoo Founders |
• National governments • Municipal authorities • Businesses • Individual enthusiasts • Royalty • Nobility • London zoo was established by Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles (founded ZSL) • Twycross Zoo was started by two ladies who owned pet shops • Knowsley Safari is owned by Lord Derby |
|
|
Neverland Ranch |
• Until 2007, Micheal Jackson had a private zoo at his Netherland ranch • He kept lions, tigers, giraffes, monkeys, orangutans, flamingos, snakes, a crocodile, an elephant and a chimpanzee called Bubbles |
|
|
Pablo Escobar |
• The drugs baron Pablo Escobar had a private zoo consisting of hundreds of exotic animals at his ranch in California • The zoo was seized by the state after he was killed by police • Many of the animals died of hunger • Hippos escaped and were eventually shot- but 60 still remain in the wild |
|
|
Zoos and business |
• Zoos have become big business in recent years • Parques Reunidos is the second largest operator of leisure parks in Europe • The company owns 68 parks, including 13 ‘zoo and nature parks’ • This includes Blackpool Zoo |
|
|
Zoo Mission statements |
Zoos need a clear identity, with stated goals and aims understand by the membership and the employees (ReCollections, 2004) Examples: Edinburgh Zoo- ‘to inspire and excite our visitors with the wonder of living animals, and so to promote the conservation of threatened species and habitats’ (2008) ZSL- ‘To achieve and promote the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats’ Dublin Zoo- ‘To work in partnership with zoos world-wide to make a significant contribution to the conservation of the endangered species of the Earth’ Minnesota Zoo- ‘Our missions is to create a conservation culture by incorporating conservation into the everyday fabric of our activities and programs’ |
|
|
Functions of the Modern Zoo |
1. Education 2. Conservation 3. Research 4. Leisure • Underpinned by excellent animal welfare |
