Weather Cdc 1W071 B Set Volume 1

Front 1

1. (001) In what ways is energy exchanged?

Back 1

Radiation, conduction, and convection.

Front 2

2. (001) The ratio of the total amount of radiation reflected from an object to the total amount of
incident radiation is called

Back 2

reflectivity.

Front 3

3. (002) Which law says that the amount of radiation emitted by a black body at a given wavelength is
proportional to its temperature?

Back 3

Kirchoff’s law.

Front 4

4. (003) METSAT imagery is more advantageous than synoptic reports because it

Back 4

is an observation that occurs more frequently.

Front 5

5. (003) Why is animated looping of METSAT imagery an advantage?

Back 5

This allows you to see system motion and the interaction between different pressure systems

Front 6

6. (004) The inclination angle and the altitude of the polar orbiting satellite allow for global coverage
every

Back 6

12 hours.

Front 7

7. (004) The geosynchronous satellite stays in position because of a combination of

Back 7

centrifugal force and gravity.

Front 8

8. (004) Which is not a geosynchronous satellite?

Back 8

Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) satellite.

Front 9

9. (005) Which is a factor that affects the amount of brightness measured by visible METSAT
imagery?

Back 9

Angle of the sun.

Front 10

10. (005) Most METSAT sensors are designed so that the visual imagery is a combination of

Back 10

visual and near infrared wave lengths.

Front 11

11. (005) Which is not a use for water vapor imagery?

Back 11

Determining the thickness of mid and upper-level clouds.

Front 12

12. (005) Which far infrared (FIR) enhancement curve is a good all-purpose curve we most
commonly use for identifying convective activity?

Back 12

MB curve.

Front 13

13. (005) Which far infrared (FIR) enhancement curve was designed for forecasters along the US
west coast to enhance weather system cloud tops over the Pacific Ocean?

Back 13

HF curve.

Front 14

14. (005) The temperature an object appears to have when we measure the intensity of its emitted
radiation at a particular wavelength describes the

Back 14

brightness temperature.

Front 15

15. (005) How many channels are sensed by SSM/I?

Back 15

7

Front 16

16. (005) What is the scan width of the SSM/I at the earth’s surface?

Back 16

1,400 kilometers. not miles

Front 17

17. (006) In what two forms are SSM/I products available?

Back 17

Sensor data records (SDRs) and environmental data records (EDRs).

sensor not satellite / environ not emissivity

Front 18

18. (006) What SSM/I product form is derived from SDRs and contains environmental parameters
directly usable by oceanographers?

Back 18

Environmental Data Records (EDRs).

Front 19

19. (006) The processing of SDRs into EDRs depends on the

Back 19

surface type.

Front 20

20. (006) What is the most primitive form of SSM/I data likely to be encountered by operational
personnel?

Back 20

Sensor Data Records (SDRs).

Front 21

21. (006) For determining trafficability estimates, Army ground units are interested in

Back 21

soil moisture (SM).

Front 22

22. (006) What tropical cyclone phenomena are best detected using SSM/I?

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The eye of the vortex and the structure of deeply convective regions.

Front 23

23. (007) Straight-line winds of a constant wind speed would characterize a wind field where the only
type of pure motion occurring is

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translation

Front 24

24. (007) What is the axis of most rapid stretching where the air parcels are traveling away from the
col called?

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Axis of dilatation.

Front 25

25. (007) What types of winds are responsible for determining the shape of cloud masses on satellite
imagery?

Back 25

System perspective winds.

Front 26

26. (007) What is the process of using still and looper imagery to help place surface and upper-air
features called?

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Initialization

Front 27

27. (007) What satellite data is the most conducive to looping?

Back 27

Geostationary

Front 28

28. (007) In relation to the coldest cloud tops, where does the heaviest precipitation from synopticscale
systems tend to fall ?

Back 28

Along the southern edge.

Front 29

29. (008) A series of aligned cloud elements, nearly all of which are connected with a general width
of less than 1 degree of latitude, is called a

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cloud line.

Front 30

30. (008) Cloud streets are very similar to cloud lines except the

Back 30

elements are not connected.

Front 31

31. (008) What two fog types can we best discern on METSAT imagery?

Back 31

Sea and radiation fog.

Front 32

32. (008) On far infrared (FIR) imagery, the cellular or textured appearance of stratocumulus clouds
may not be observable due to the

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sensor resolution.

Front 33

33. (008) Which far infrared (FIR) enhancement curve helps to identify mid-level clouds?

Back 33

EC curve.

Front 34

34. (008) The wind speeds in transverse bands are usually greater than or equal to

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80 knots.

Front 35

35. (009) When do haze, pollution, and aerosols appear on FIR imagery?

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Only if they are at high altitudes or in large concentrations.

Front 36

36. (010) Sun glint typically occurs under

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a stable condition with light or calm winds.

Front 37

37. (011) What do we commonly use translation to measure?

Back 37

Speed of lows.

Front 38

38. (011) The horizontal axis where air parcels are moving away from the col is called the axis of

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dilatation

Front 39

39. (012) When you interpret METSAT imagery, what is the second thing that you must do?

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Determine the wind flow.

Front 40

40. (013) A unique characteristic of the baroclinic leaf is the

Back 40

“V” notch in the tail of the leaf.

Front 41

41. (013) What is the comma-shaped low to mid-level cloudiness in a comma cloud called?

Back 41

Vorticity comma clouds.

Front 42

42. (014) In determining the upper-level wind flow on enhanced infrared (IR) imagery, where is the
lightest gray shade gradient located?

Back 42

On the upstream side.

Front 43

43. (014) Where do cirrus streaks form?

Back 43

Parallel to, and on the equatorward side of, the jet stream flow

Front 44

44. (015) Where is the jet stream axis located in relation to the baroclinic zone cirrus?

Back 44

1 degree latitude on the poleward side of the cloud edge

Front 45

45. (015) Position the long-wave ridge axis where the

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jet stream is farthest poleward.

Front 46

46. (015) What is occurring when you see a bulge or slight “S” shape develop and move along the
back side of the frontal cloud band?

Back 46

A wave is developing on the front.

Front 47

47. (015) Where are upper lows associated with the comma cloud structure positioned?

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Slightly west of the center of the swirl of upper-level cloudiness within the deformation zone
cirrus.

Front 48

48. (015) The deformation zone cirrus associated with a cut-off low is normally stretched in

Back 48

northeast-to-southwest direction.

Front 49

49. (015) It is easier to pick out vorticity maximums over water than over land because of the

Back 49

abundance of convective clouds over the moisture source.

Front 50

50. (015) What causes baroclinic leaf cloud patterns?

Back 50

Mid-level deformation ahead of the jet maximum, upstream from the leaf.

Front 51

51. (016) What are organized, persistent areas of deep convection noted in METSAT imagery during
the warm season called?

Back 51

Mesoscale convective complexes (MCC)

Front 52

52. (016) What is the trigger that maintains mesoscale convective complexes (MCC)?

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The convergence of the outflow boundaries associated with the individual cells.

Front 53

53. (017) What does the Dvorak method of tropical cyclone analysis describe?

Back 53

Tropical cyclone development in terms of day-by-day changes in the cloud pattern of the storm
and its environment

Front 54

54. (017) What do we use the T number in the Dvorak method of tropical cyclone analysis to
describe?

Back 54

Rate of development or dissipation of a tropical cyclone

Front 55

55. (018) When interpreting clouds in the lower troposphere, what is the first thing you must do?

Back 55

Identify the cloud patterns

Front 56

56. (019) It is hard to initially position an extratropical surface low because it’s embedded in

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baroclinic zone clouds.

Front 57

57. (019) What is the best indicator of a low-level deformation zone behind a cold front?

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Open- and closed-cell clouds

Front 58

58. (020) An open-cell cumulus field in the shape of elongated doughnuts is associated with
windspeeds of

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11 to 20 knots.

Front 59

59. (020) Leeside clearing along the eastern slopes of the Rockies and the Appalachian Mountains
indicates the winds

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cross the mountain ridge line at an angle of greater than 45 degrees

Front 60

60. (021) At what stage of development of an extratropical low does the dry slot begin to wrap around
the upper low?

Back 60

Intensification stage

Front 61

61. (021) To find the position of a surface baroclinic high over land in the late fall to early spring,
what must you first determine?

Back 61

Low-level wind flow.

Front 62

62. (022) Except for possible convection along the cold front, which conveyor has the coldest
(highest) cloud tops associated with it?

Back 62

Warm conveyor belt (WCB).

Front 63

63. (022) Which conveyor belt forms the comma cloud head?

Back 63

Warm conveyor belt (WCB).

Front 64

64. (022) Which statement describes a type B comma cloud pattern?

Back 64

Deformation zone cirrus is approximately the same height as baroclinic zone cirrus and is
much thicker.

Front 65

65. (022) If the polar front jet (PFJ) lies in the surge region of the comma cloud system, the PFJ speed
maximum is located in the

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dry slot on the equatorward side of the 500-mb low.

Front 66

66. (023) During the initial stage of development of a frontal wave, the baroclinic zone cloud system
(frontal cloud band) begins to

Back 66

widen

Front 67

67. (023) During what phase of development of a cold-air vortex do mid-level clouds, which are
associated with a short-wave trough, begin to form the vorticity comma cloud?

Back 67

Phase two.

Front 68

68. (023) When you estimate sea-level pressures using METSAT imagery, where must you locate the
baroclinic lows associated with comma clouds?

Back 68

From 40°N and poleward.

Front 69

69. (023) At what estimated sea-level pressure would a low be characterized by a cloud band wrapped
once around the low center?

Back 69

970 to 979mb.

970's

Front 70

70. (024) During the development of a cut-off low, after the low becomes cut off from the cold air
and the PFJ, what cloud type develops?

Back 70

Deformation zone cirrus.

Front 71

71. (024) If a major short-wave trough approaches a cut-off low from the west, the low

Back 71

begins to open up and accelerate northeastward.

Front 72

72. (025) What factors determine the vertical development of the clouds associated with the valley
breeze?

Back 72

Availability of moisture and the stability of the air.

Front 73

73. (026) What causes bow waves?

Back 73

When a low-level cloud field is disrupted by the low-level wind flow being diverted around an
obstacle such as an island in the ocean.

Front 74

74. (026) What cloud created by a barrier appears on visual imagery as a white swirling cloud?

Back 74

Karman vortices.

Front 75

75. (027) Anomalous cloud lines form in

Back 75

a stable, moist marine air layer in a light anticyclonic wind flow.