Cdc Volume 1 Set 1

Front 1

How many degrees centigrade does the temperature decrease per 1,000 meters of altitude in the troposphere?

Back 1

6.5

Front 2

The Stratosphere is characterized by

Back 2

Temperature that remains isothermal to about 100,000 feet, the strongest concentration of ozone and excellent flying conditions.

Front 3

Above 13 miles, the radiation from the sun breaks down the oxygen in the atmosphere into

Back 3

Ozone Gas

Front 4

Which statement best describes water vapor in the atmosphere?

Back 4

The more water vapor, the lighter the air will be.

Front 5

The two atmospheric gases most responsible for the absorption of incoming solar radiation are

Back 5

Oxygen and ozone.

Front 6

The driving mechanism that is mainly responsible for the earth's large-scale atmospheric circulations is the

Back 6

Unequal heating of the earth.

Front 7

Which force is described as any center-seeking force?

Back 7

Centripetal.

Front 8

Which force is the "equal and opposite reaction" to the center-seeking force?

Back 8

Centrifugal.

Front 9

Centrifugal force (CeF) will increase when there is a decrease in

Back 9

The radius of rotation.

Front 10

Coriolis force (CoF) is created by

Back 10

The cyclonic rotation of the earth.

Front 11

If you throw a ball towards a stationary target from the window of a speeding vehicle, coriolis force (CoF) will cause the ball to miss the target

Back 11

To the right.

Front 12

The force that is responsible for starting the horizontal movement of air over earth's surface is

Back 12

Pressure Gradient force.

Front 13

The balance of forces needed for gradient cyclonic circulation is pressure gradient

Back 13

Balanced against coriolis and centrifugal forces.

Front 14

The areas of low pressure that correspond to the belt of low pressure at 60N created by the 3-cell circulation are the

Back 14

Icelandic and Aleutian lows.

Front 15

In relation to the jet core, the greatest vertical wind shear is usually located

Back 15

Above the jet core.

Front 16

In relation to the jet core, the greatest horizontal wind shear is usually located

Back 16

North of the jet core.

Front 17

The simplest method for locating the 500 millibar frontal zone is to

Back 17

Locate the position of the -17 Centigrade isotherm.

Front 18

The width of the jet stream core is approximately equal to the

Back 18

Width of the 500 millibar isotherm ribbon.

Front 19

Where are the greatest velocities located in relation to the subtropical jet (SJT)?

Back 19

In the region of confluence of the STJ and PFJ.

Front 20

"Jet Fingers"

Back 20

Suggest that the jet stream is beginning to dissipate.

Front 21

Converging contours downstream of the jet stream will cause the jet to

Back 21

Deflect toward lower heights.

Front 22

Using average surface frontal slopes, how far ahead of the surface warm front is the jet stream located?

Back 22

600 miles.

Front 23

Which heat transfer process involves the transfer of energy by molecular motion from hot to cold objects?

Back 23

Conduction.

Front 24

Advection transfers temperature

Back 24

Horizontally by the wind.

Front 25

What factors must a region possess in order to facilitate air mass formation?

Back 25

Uniform surface, stagnant air, and large-scale difluent flow.

Front 26

Which process is most responsible for the slow formation of air masses in the polar region?

Back 26

Loss of heat by radiation.

Front 27

Air mass stability characteristics often depend on the temperature difference between the

Back 27

Air mass and the surface over which it is traveling.

Front 28

How would you classify a stable air mass that formed over land in the Arctic has now moved over the ocean's warmer surface?

Back 28

cAks

Front 29

What air mass classification signifies an unstable, maritime tropical air mass that is colder than the surface it is moving over?

Back 29

mTku

Front 30

What air mass classification signifies a stable, continental polar air mass that is warmer than the surface it is moving over?

Back 30

cPws

Front 31

What air mass forms over land only during the summer?

Back 31

cT

Front 32

As an air mass is heated from below, there will be increased

Back 32

Instability and an increased lapse rate.

Front 33

It is winter. A cPk air mass is moving over the Great Lakes. In this situation, the southern shores of the Great Lakes will experience

Back 33

Heavy snow.

Front 34

Which air mass involves most of the wintertime storms for the North American Pacific coast?

Back 34

mT

Front 35

Continental tropical air masses are usually associated with

Back 35

Thermal lows.

Front 36

The rate that an air mass modifies depends on the

Back 36

Temperature differences between the new surface and the air mass, the nature of the surface over which it moves, and the speed with which the air mass travels.

Front 37

The weather characteristics of a particular month in a given locality are governed by

Back 37

Effects of local topography and proximity to a zone of convergence

Front 38

Surface pressure changes are largely controlled by

Back 38

Mass changes in the upper troposphere.

Front 39

Horizontal divergence within an air mass will

Back 39

Vertically contract the original column of air and then expand it horizontally.

Front 40

As air converges at the surface and toward the center of the layer, there will be horizontal

Back 40

Contraction and vertical expansion.

Front 41

An increase of mass in a column of air will cause the surface pressure to

Back 41

Increase.

Front 42

In the chimney effect, the maximum upward vertical wind motion will be located

Back 42

At the level of nondivergence (LND).

Front 43

The primary cause of surface pressure changes for a dynamic low is net

Back 43

Divergence aloft.

Front 44

The damper effect is comprised of upper-level

Back 44

Convergence and surface high pressure.

Front 45

A low-pressure system undergoing cyclogenesis is said to be

Back 45

Forming or deepening.

Front 46

When the central pressure of an anticyclone is rising, you can infer the anticyclone is

Back 46

Building.

Front 47

A high-pressure system undergoes anticyclolysis when the clockwise circulation area

Back 47

Decreases or disappears.

Front 48

An unstable wave cyclone is one where the amplitude

Back 48

Increases with time and the wave deepens.

Front 49

After warm air with an unstable wave is pushed aloft and cuts off fromt a cyclone, the cyclone will become

Back 49

Barotropic and begin to fill.

Front 50

Unstable waves are classified as

Back 50

Baroclinic lows

Front 51

In the baroclinic instability process,

Back 51

Potential energy is transferred to the major short wave by thermal advection.

Front 52

When using Petterson's rule, the factors needed for cyclogenesis are upper-level

Back 52

Divergence and a frontal zone where the thermal advection is weak.

Front 53

What causes the surface low to deepen during the self-development process?

Back 53

Divergence aloft.

Front 54

A low dissipates after proceeding through its entire life cycle which ranges from the

Back 54

Bottom up as boundary layer convergence adds mass to the column of air.

Front 55

How many stages are there in the life cycle of a low?

Back 55

5.

Front 56

In the life cycle of a low, the system will evolve into a cold barotrpic low in the

Back 56

Dissipation stage.

Front 57

Anticyclogeneis typically occurs at, and just downstream from, long-wave

Back 57

Ridges and under confluent flow aloft.

Front 58

What causes a surface high to build during the self-development process?

Back 58

Convergence aloft.

Front 59

Which is primarily responsible for low-level divergence acting as a braking mechanism for a high?

Back 59

Friction.

Front 60

A warm barotropic high is a type of pressure system that

Back 60

Has great vertical extent and is usually found over water areas.

Front 61

In regards to types of pressure systems, a heat low is a

Back 61

Warm barotropic low that forms during the summer.

Front 62

With the passage of a cold front in the Northern Hemisphere, the horizontal wind direction will

Back 62

Shift in a clockwise direction.

Front 63

The cold conveyor belt originates in the low levels that are located

Back 63

East of a low center and flow westward.

Front 64

The average slope of a cold front is

Back 64

1/30 to 1/100.

Front 65

A warm frontal occlusion occurs when the cool air

Back 65

Behind the cold front overrides the colder air ahead of the warm front.

Front 66

In comparison to an active cold front, an inactive cold front is characterized by a relatively

Back 66

Steeper slope, a narrow weather pattern, and is called the katafront.

Front 67

When an inactive front passes your station, the dew points will

Back 67

Decrease sharply with the passage.

Front 68

When only high and middle clouds are associated with a warm front, the

Back 68

Overrunning warm air is dry.

Front 69

In a cold occlusion, the coldest air is found

Back 69

Behind the cold front.

Front 70

In a cold occlusion, which type of front, if any, is found aloft?

Back 70

The warm front.

Front 71

Frontogenesis requires two adjacent air masses with

Back 71

Different densities and a wind flow to bring the air masses together.

Front 72

The frontolytic processes are most effective

Back 72

In the lower layers of the atmosphere.

Front 73

The difference in cloud classification betweel L1 and L7 is

Back 73

Precipitation.

Front 74

Which low cloud type and classification is identified by the presence of a cirriform anvil?

Back 74

Cumulonimbus-L9

Front 75

The best way to distinguish stratocumulus from altocumulus clouds is to use

Back 75

The size of the elements.

Front 76

A corona is often present at night with

Back 76

Altocumulus clouds.

Front 77

Cirrus clouds in the form of an anvil are classified as

Back 77

H3.

Front 78

Which high cloud can occasionally be so transparent that the only indication of its presence is a halo phenomenon?

Back 78

H7.

Front 79

Which high cloud classification is also referred to as mackerel sky?

Back 79

Cirrocumulus-H9

Front 80

Which orographic cloud resembles an almond or a fish?

Back 80

Lenticular.

Front 81

"Clouds or obscuring phenomena that have bases at the same approximate level" is the definition of

Back 81

A layer.

Front 82

What color balloon would you use to determine the ceiling heights of thin clouds

Back 82

Red.

Front 83

You are prearing to use a convective cloud height table to determine the heights of clouds. To do this properly, you must first determine the

Back 83

Dew-point temperature and free-air temperature.

Front 84

How do you report prevailing visibility at US stations and overseas stations?

Back 84

Statute miles for US stations and meters ofr overseas stations.

Front 85

To properly report the visibility for more than one sector, you would list the sectors in a

Back 85

Clockwise direction starting with the northernmost sector.

Front 86

For a runway visual range (RVR) report of R22/1000V1600FT, what is the visual range that a pilot can expect to see down the runway?

Back 86

1,000 to 1,600 feet varying.

Front 87

What type of precipitation might you observe with clear skies?

Back 87

Ice crystals.

Front 88

You would classify precipitation as intermittent if it

Back 88

Stopped and started at least once within the preceding hour.

Front 89

When frozen precipitation is expected, you would

Back 89

Collect it in the overflow unit of the rain gauge.

Front 90

The distinguishing feature of any tornadic activity is

Back 90

The funnel-shaped appendage that hands from the base of the cloud.

Front 91

A thunderstorm is present and occurring at your station. In addition, the local noise level is preventing you from hearing the thunderstorm. For observation purposes you would say

Back 91

Hail is falling.

Front 92

A thunderstorm officially ends

Back 92

15 minutes after the last occurrence of thunder, hail or lightning.

Front 93

For observing purposes, 5 hydrometers are considered to be obstructions to vision. They include mist, fog, blowing snow,

Back 93

Freezing fog and blowing spray.

Front 94

Blowing spray is reportedly only at sea stations near large bodies of water and when visibility at eye level is restricted to

Back 94

9,000 meters or less.

Front 95

What pressure value is the basis for determining all other pressure values?

Back 95

Station pressure.

Front 96

What is the reference level for all pressure values?

Back 96

Sea-level pressure.

Front 97

The temperature to which a given parcel of air must be cooled, with constant water vapor content and pressure to reach saturation is called

Back 97

Dew point.

Front 98

The temperature an air parcel would have if it were cooled adiabatically to saturation at constant pressure by evaporation of water into it is called

Back 98

Wet bulb temperature.

Front 99

Wind observing equipment is oriented to

Back 99

Magnetic north.

Front 100

A change in wind direction of 45 (or more) that takes place in less than 15 minutes is called a

Back 100

Wind shift.