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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rounded protrusion of lava too thick to flow that piles up |
Dome |
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When the vent gets clogged up |
Plugged Dome |
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Vents off the main vent |
Parasitic Come |
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Crack on the volcano's slope. Gas comes out. |
Fissure |
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Vent that is only releasing gas or steam. Most non active volcanoes have this. |
Fumarole |
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Small stones that about 5cm in diameter. They can be solid and occasionally liquid form. |
Lapilli |
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Glassy fragments of dark colored rock that are about 1tenth to 5cm in diameter. |
Scoria |
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Ash sized material powdery. |
Tuff |
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Coarse grain ash. |
Tuff Lapilli |
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Particles less than .25mm |
Dust |
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Violent steam eruption that has little or now lava. |
Phreatic Eruption |
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Lava and rock erupt from it |
Pyroclastic eruption |
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All flying rocks from Volcano |
Tephra |
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What comes from a continental eruption |
Felsic rock (lava) Large amounts of water (snow) CO2 dark clouds |
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Deep under ocean Hawaiian islands vent and sides are called cones broad base and small cone least dangerous |
Shield volcano |
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Form very quick. Mexico has a bunch made of solid fragments that push out onto the sides loosely arranged and tend to roll |
Cinder Volcanoes |
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Describe a Composite/stratovolcanoes |
Large mountain volcanoes Most explosive. If the the volcano is active, it has lava in the caldera. If its not active its all plugged up. |
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Example of Composite Volcano |
Mt. St. Helens |
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Open crater space on top of a volcano |
Caldera |
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Describe Short period wave |
normal earthquake fault waves. If it is produced by magma movement underground, then it might mean the start of a volcano. |
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What long period waves indicate |
signal a buildup of rock above the magma. |
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Describe iceberg tremors |
icebergs break up very similar how volcanoes erupt. From these we have developed patterns that can predict eruptions of volcanoes better. |
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What indicates a soon to be eruption? |
Heavy amounts of sulfur Dioxide |
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What is hydrology |
Study of changes in the water in relationship to volcanoes |
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Forward looking infrared radiometry |
is a handheld device that can determine quick temp changes in the air. |
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Infrared satellite- |
looks at temp changes over the entire volcano. |
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In-situ thermometry |
detects changes in temp in water lakes, streams and oceans. |
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Geothermal Enthalpy sensors |
detects superheated lava |
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Ground deformation |
Swelling of any volcano not caused by gas |
