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91 Cards in this Set
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formed in the liver of carotenoid pigments |
vitamin a |
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concerned with bone growth, teeth, and epithelial tissues and the synthesis of rhodopsin. |
vitamin a |
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it is the light sensitive pigment of the retina's rod cells |
rhodopsin |
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it has anti-ricketic properties |
vitamin d |
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the two variants of vitamin d |
ergosterol (d2) and calciferol (d3) |
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may be found in cod liver oil but also formed in the skin in response to ultraviolet light, which we get from the sun |
vitamin d |
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required for average growth, absorption of calcium, phosphorus from the intestine, and calcium and phosphorus utilization to develop bones and teeth. |
vitamin d! |
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linked in with the phosphate enzyme system, perhaps with parathyroid glands |
vitamin d |
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a deficiency in it could cause bow-leggedness in children and the fontanels not closing in infants |
vitamin d |
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important for utilization of hormones, cholesterol, and vitamin d |
vitamin e |
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deficiency in it could cause rapid aging and cystic fibrosis |
vitamin e |
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it is synthesized to a small degree by bacteria in the large intestine |
vitamin k |
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vitamin e is necessary for ______ in the liver |
prothrombin synthesis |
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deficiency in this in infants could cause blood clotting and tendency for hemorrhage or internal bleeding |
vitamin k |
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also known as anti-sterile vitamin |
vitamin e |
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also known as TOCCOPHEROLE |
vitamin e |
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anti-hemorrhagic and anti-coagulant vitamin |
vitamin k |
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vitamins that are soluble in water and known for its nitrogenous content |
water-soluble vitamins |
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vitamin necessary for the conversion of glucose and pyruvic acid during the breakdown of carbohydrates |
thiamine or b1 |
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deficiency could lead to beriberi |
thiamine or b1 |
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condition characterized by anorexia, loss of weight, debility, peripheral neuritis, and edema |
beriberi |
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important in the metabolism of all type of foodstuffs |
riboflavin or b2 |
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deficiency causes glossitis, cheilosis, and seborrheic dermatitis |
riboflavin or b2 |
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pamamaga ng voice box |
glossitis |
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a functional component of co-enzymes, essential in developing the enzymes involved in releasing energy from foodstuffs |
niacin or nicotinic acid or b3 |
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the 4 D's of pellegra |
1. diarrhea 2. dementia 3. dermatitis 4. death |
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caused by a lack of niacin |
pellegra |
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where is pyridoxine or b6 present in? |
whole grains, liver, spinach, bananas, fish, meats, nuts, and potatoes |
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it is needed to use nutrients, form red blood cells, and have a healthy nervous system |
pyridoxine or b6 |
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the disorders caused by a lack of pyridoxine |
1. anemia 2. skin disorders 3. convulsions |
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can cause seizures |
convulsions |
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where is cyanocobalamin or b12 crucial in? |
the synthesis of DNA |
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what is pernicious anemia? |
condition in which the red blood cells are few AND abnormally larger |
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treatment for pernicious anemia |
injections of b12 |
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necessary for rapidly dividing tissues such as the hematopoietic tissue that manufactures red blood cells |
cyanocobalamine or b12 |
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why does vitamin c (or ascorbic acid) differ from water-soluble b vitamins? |
vitamin c lacks nitrogen. |
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vitamin in citrus fruits |
vitamin c |
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necessary for maintaining intercellular proteins and for the production of hemoglobin |
ascorbic acid or vitamin c |
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what does vitamin c facilitate? |
the absorption of iron |
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disorder from deficiency of vitamin c characterized by bleeding of gums, pain and tenderness, and swelling of thighs and legs. |
scurvy |
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because of its role in ______ the _____ and strengthening it, some people feel that ______ ___ helps protect us against the cold. |
a. building the tissues b. vitamin c |
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what could be the effect of a deficiency in vitamin c? |
infection susceptibility, poor wound healing, and retardation of growth. |
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compounds that include mineral elements and water |
inorganic compounds |
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they exist in the form of salts or combined with protein, carbohydrates, and lipids. |
mineral elements |
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found throughout the body: in the cell, extra-cellular fluids, and the blood and lymph |
salts |
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they have essential roles in the proper maintenance and control of bodily functions |
salt ions |
inorganic compound |
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how many mineral elements make up the human body? |
13 |
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the percentage of oxygen in the body |
65% |
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our body is 18% of this |
carbon |
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the symbol and percentage of nitrogen in our body |
a. N b. 3% |
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1.5% of our body is this |
calcium |
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the symbol of calcium |
Ca |
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the percentage of phosphorus in our body |
1% |
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our body is 0.4% of this |
potassium or K |
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the percentage of sulfur in the body |
0.3 |
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the percentage of sodium in the body |
0.2 |
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their (meaning, more than one) percentage in the body is 0.1% |
magnesium and chlorine |
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the two trace minerals in our body |
iron (Fe) and Iodine (I) |
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it is the components of thyroid hormones |
Iodine |
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a component of hemoglobin, myglobin, and certain enzymes |
iron |
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the function of chloride |
the principal negative ion (anion) of interstitial fluid; important in fluid balance |
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it is needed in the blood and body tissues. it is also a component of many important enzyme systems |
magnesium |
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the principal positive ion in interstitial fluid balance |
sodium |
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it is also essential for conduction of nerve impulse |
sodium |
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what is sulfur a main component of? |
most proteins |
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cation (or principal positive ion) within cells; also important in nerve function and affects muscle contraction |
potassium |
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it is a component of nucleic acids |
phosphorus |
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what is calcium a structural component of? |
bones and teeth! |
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it is also important in muscle contraction, conduction of nerve impulses, and blood clotting |
calcium |
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component of all proteins and nucleic acids |
nitrogen |
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it is a component of water |
hydrogen! |
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forms the backbone of organic molecules; it can form bonds with other atoms |
carbon |
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required for cellular respiration and a component of water |
oxygen |
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an essential constituent of tissues and constitute of a large part of our body |
water |
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the body weight that water is a part of |
2/3 |
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described as the vehicle in the body for all physiological activities |
water |
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for a typical person, ______ of their weight is water |
60 - 70% |
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its solvent power is great because of its high ionizing power |
water |
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law that supports water's high surface tension |
law of buoyancy |
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also known as the sunshine vitamin |
vitamin d |
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daily intake maximum of vitamin c |
2,000 mg or 4 capsules (if the capsule is 500mg each) |
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gingivitis is...? |
the bleeding of gums |
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it is a set of vitamins that needs to be activated before it is able to be used |
pro-vitamin |
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what does hypovitaminosis mean? |
a deficiency in vitamin |
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vitamin that needs calories |
vitamin a |
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also referred to as "anti-serolthamic" |
vitamin a |
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night blindness is usually a cause of...? |
a deficiency in vitamin a |
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internal bleeding is...? |
hemorrhage |
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deficiency in riboflavin characterized as wounds at the side of mouths |
cheilosis |
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seborrheic dermatitis is....? |
a more severe case of "dandruffs" wherein the whole top of the head is covered in it |
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another cause of convulsions |
high body temperature |
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