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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Picornavirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Examples of virus (Diseases) |
(Unenveloped RNA viruses)
Single molecule, (+)stranded RNA Icosahedral Polio viruses (poliomyelitis, paralysis, aseptic meningitis) Coxsackie viruses (aseptic meningitis, rash, colds) ECHO viruses (aseptic meningitis, rash, colds) Rhinoviruses (colds) Hepatitis A (hepatitis A) |
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Reovirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Uneveloped RNA viruses)
Multiple molecules, ds RNA Icosahedral Rotaviruses (infant diarrhea) |
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Orthomyxovirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Enveloped RNA viruses)
Multiple molecules, (-)stranded RNA Helical Influenza viruses (influenza) |
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Paramyxovirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Enveloped RNA viruses)
Single molecule, (-)stranded RNA Helical Parainfluenza viruses (colds) Respiratory syncytial virus (colds and infant pneumonia) Measles virus (measles) Mumps virus (mumps) |
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Rhabdovirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Enveloped RNA viruses)
Single molecule, (-)stranded RNA Helical Rabies virus (Rabies) |
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Coronavirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Examples of virus (Diseases) |
(Enveloped RNA viruses)
Single molecule, (+)stranded RNA Helical SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS, common cold) |
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Togaviruses
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Enveloped RNA viruses)
Single molecule, (+)stranded RNA Icosahedral Various equine encephalitis viruses (encephalitis) |
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Retroviruses
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Enveloped RNA viruses)
Two identical molecules of (+) stranded RNA Uncertain HIV-1 (AIDS) Various tumor viruses (tumors) |
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Parvovirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Unenveloped DNA)
Single molecule, ss DNA Icosahedral B-19 (childhood rash and aplastic anemia) |
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Papovavirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Example of virus (Diseases) |
(Unenveloped DNA)
Single molecule, circular ds DNA Icosahedral Papilloma-viruses (Warts in various anatomical sites) |
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Adenovirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Unenveloped DNA)
Single strand, linear ds DNA Icosahedral Adenoviruses (colds, conjunctivitis, etc.) |
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Herpesvirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Eneveloped DNA)
Single molecule, linear ds DNA Icosahedral Herpes simplex virus (see notes) Varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox zoster) Cytomegalovirus (congenital, etc.) EB virus (mononucleosis, aka. heterophile positive) |
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Poxvirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Enveloped DNA)
Single molecule, linear ds DNA No nucleopcapsid symmetry Smallpox virus (smallpox, eradicated) Molluscum contageosum virus (skin lesions) |
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Hepadnavirus
Nucleic acid genome Nucleocapsid symmetry Exampe of virus (Diseases) |
(Enveloped DNA)
Single molecule, circular DS DNA (for most of its length) Icosahedral Hepatitis B virus (hepatitis B) |
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All viruses transmitted by the fecal-oral routes do or do not have an envelope?
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Do not have an enveople; lack of envelope indicates stability of the virus
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Examples of viruses that are commonly transmitted via the fecal-oral route
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Poliovirus
Coxsackievirus Echovirus Hepatitis A virus ECHO viruses (Type A and B) Enteric picornaviruses designated by a number from 68 Norwalk virus (calcivirus) |
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What are the common means of transmission of enveloped viruses?
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Direct contact, e.g.
Blood, body flood, sexual transmission Insect bite or animal bite Person-to-person (aerosol) |
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Examples of viruses that are commonly transmitted by blood or body fluid
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HIV
Herpes simplex virus type 2 Hepatitis B and C |
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Examples of viruses that are commonly transmitted by insect or animal bite
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Yellow fever virus, West Nile virus
Rabies virus |
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Examples of viruses that are commonly transmitted from person to person
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Influenza virus
Measles virus Rubella virus Respiratory synctial virus Varicella-zoster virus Rhinoviruses (unenveloped) |
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Viruses that cause gastroenteritis
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Rotaviruses (dehydrating GE infection in 0-18 infants)
Enteric adenoviruses (0-24 mo.) Norwalk virus (a calcivirus, epidemic in adolescents and adults) Other calcivirus (infants) Astroviruses (all age groups) |
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What are the symptoms of gastroenteritis?
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Diarrhea and/ or vomitting
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Are enteroviruses significant causes of gastroenteritis?
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No, coxsackievirus, echovirus and polio are not significant causes of gastroenteritis
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Which group of viruses cause the common cold most frequently?
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Rhinoviruses
- A type of picornaviruses that are not enteroviruses - Single molecul, (+) stranded RNA - Normally isolated from trachea organ culture - NOT enteric pathogen, because cannot survive at a low pH of the stomach |
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What diseases are commonly caused by the enteroviruses?
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ASEPTIC MENINGITIS
Common cold Systemic infection with rash Paralytic disease (very rare) |
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Which viruses cause neontatal myocarditis?
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Coxsackie B virus
Neonatal myocarditis is : a generalized infection (not just heart). : enteric epidemiology : identified only in newborn nursery epidemics (however, coxsackie myocarditis can occur in adults as well) |
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Group B Coxsackieviruses commonly cause...
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Epidemic pleurodynia
: Characterized by thoracic pain aggravated by deep breaths; probably due to viral attack upon intercostal muscles |
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Group A Coxsackieviruses commonly cause...
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1) Herpangina (not the same as herpes or angina)
: Characterized by acute sore throat with other systemic signs of infection; ulcerating vesicles in the throat (upper mouth/ tonsil area) 2) Hand-Foot-and Mouth disease in children : Characterized by vesicular lesions at the hand, the good and the mouth at ~ the same time |
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Reovirus replication
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Not enveloped
Contains ds RNA and polymerase to translate dsRNA to mRNA mRNA is used to make more viral RNA polymerase |
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Which virus is the major cause of infant mortality in developing countries?
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Rotaviruses
- Cause infectious viral diarrhea of infants. - fecal-oral transmission - in developing coutry, the rotavirus infection can be easily treated with rehydration. |
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Adenovirus replication
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Adenoviruses have ds DNA. (Not enveloped)
Assembled in the nucleus Viral mRNA and protein synthesis are regulated |
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Adenovirus virions causes...
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airborne infections, e.g.
Epidemic kerato-conjunctivitis* Common cold because adenoviruses are stable even when dried gastroenteritis and diarrhea by some enteric adenoviruses *** *The most common cause of conjunctivitis is bacterial *Various enteroviruses also cause epidemic conjunctivitis |
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Which virus is the major cause of gastroenteritis in both developed and developing countries?
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1) Rotaviruses
2) Enteric adenoviruses 3) Calcivirus and astrovirus ...plus bacterial and unknown causes |
