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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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(For Managers and Policy Makers)
Health of a population determines HC utilization. planning a health service is planned by what 2 things? |
Health trends and demographics
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For Managers and Policy Makers
The health appraisal should determine what 3 things? |
education, prevention, and therapies
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Evaluating HC organizations on contributions made to what?
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Community
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For Managers and Policy Makers
Use of __ and ___ a concern |
justice and equity
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For Managers and Policy MakersMeasure of health status and utilization evaluates what 4 things?
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existing programs, plan new strategies, measure progress, discontinue a servie
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What is Health?
from society for academic medicine? |
absence of illness and disease
a state of physical and mental well-being that facilitates the achievements of individual and societal goals |
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What is Health from WHO?
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complete state of physical, mental and social well being, not just merely absence of disease
(social; need positive relationships) |
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Biopsychosocial model of health
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Social- pos. relationships
-supportive networks for stresses, self -for wellbeing of community and population To promote, restore, maintain health |
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Biomedical Model
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Existence of illness or disease
having a clinical diagnosis and medical intervention meaning optimum health exists when you are free of symptoms and don't need treatment |
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Illness
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identified by a person's perception and evaluation of how he/she is feeling
people are ill when they infer a diminished capacity to perform tasks and roles that are expected by society ex- feels sick so doesn't go to school. Next day goes. |
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Disease
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based on professional evaluation
caused by more than 1 factor (poverty, overcrowding) |
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Epidemiology Model
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Host (organism/human)
Agent (bad diet/tobacco) Environment (external- phys/soc/cult) |
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Example of behavioral risk factors
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lack of exercise
high fat diet unsafe sex smoking (increases risk of heart and lunge disease) |
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Behavior modification
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education
personal motivation financial incentives environmental inducements |
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Acute condition
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relatively severe, often treatable, short duration (sudden kidney interuption)
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Subacute conditions
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some acute features
post acute treatment after discharge (head trauma) |
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Chronic Condition
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less severe but long and continuous
can be controlled (asthma) can be serious (hypertension) |
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Holistic Health
Holistic Medicine |
HH: What makes a person whole/complete
growing interest HM: treat the whole person, spiritual is added to medical, mental, and social |
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Wellness Model
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efforts and programs that prevent disease and optimize well-being
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Wellness Model's three factors
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1. understand risk factors (done through health risk appraisal), interventions take place
2. intervention (modify behavior) primary, secondary, tertiary) 3. adequate public health and social services |
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Therapeutic Preventions
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primary- handwashing to decrease infection spreading
secondary- treatment of disease to block progression (paps) tertiary- rehabilitation, |
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Public Health aka population
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To fulfill society's interest in assuring conditions in which people can be healthy
-science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life, promoting health through community effore -maximize pop's health status |
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Public Health Roles
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1. prevention
2. h. promotion 3. h. protection -environmental protection agency, homeland secrity |
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Medicine vs. Public Health
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Medicine: focuses on individual patient
Public: focuses on populations identify environment, social and behavior THEN deveolop population-based interventions, prevent/promote |
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Medicine vs Public Health Occupations
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Medicine: nurses, dentists, therapists, health educators
Public Health: ^ + sanitarians, FDInspectors |
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Environmental Health
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Aims to prevent the spread of disease through WATER, AIR and FOOD
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Quality of Life
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-overall satifaction with life during and following a persons encounter with the health care delivery system
-indicator of how satisfied a person was with the experiences while receiving health care (comfort, respect, privacy, security, autonomy) |
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quality of life goal
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have a positive effect on an individual ability to functino, meet obligations, feelings of self-worth
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Determinants of Health
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Genetic Make up 20
Individual Behaviors 50 Medical Practice 10 Social and Environmental 20 |
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Determinants of Health
examples of each G I M E/S |
Genetic: cancer, diabetes
Individual behavior: smoking, exercise Medical practice: check-ups Social/Environmental: Rural area with lack of equipment |
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Blum's Force Fields (4)
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****Environment (phy, soc, cult, eco)
***Lifestyle (behavior, tude. toward hlth) **Heredity (current lifestyle.hlth prc thatll impact future *Medical Care (health care delivery system) |
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Distributive Justice
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key concept related to ACCESS
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What are the 2 justices -> Theories of Equitable Distribution
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Marketing (economic good) vs Social Justice (good)
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Theories of Equitable Distribution
Marketing Justice & its Principles |
-fair distribution of health care to market forces in a fee economy
- people make rational choices in their decision to buy health care products and services -people consult with their physicians who know what is best for them -the market works best without interference from government |
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Market Justice in association with Libertarianism
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-those who work, get their resources
-HC is not a central priority |
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Theories of Equitable Distribution
Social Justice & Principles |
-health care is a social good, should be based on need rather than cost
-shared responsibility -greatest good for greatest amount of people |
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Morbidity
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Disease of disability
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Mortality
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death rate
For any rate: = # of individuals died from Cancer in a give year ./.Total Population = fraction X 100 = % or rate |
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Longevity
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Life expectancy
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Incidence
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# of new cases occurring/population at risk
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prevalence
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measure the total number of cases at specific point in time/specified population
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Crude Death Rate
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Total deaths/total population
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