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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. What are the congenital anomalies associated with the ureter?
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a. Duplication
b. Bifid c. Congenital diverticuli d. Congenital megaloureter |
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2. What are the inflammatory conditions associated with the ureter?
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a. Ureteritis follicularis
b. Ureteritis cystica c. Ureteritis glandularis |
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3. What are the most common benign neoplasms in the ureter?
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a. Fibroepithelial polyps
b. Leiomyomas |
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4. What disorder does papilloma in the ureter mimic?
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a. Transitional cell carcinoma
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5. What are the acquired lesions of the ureter?
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a. Diverticuli
b. Ureter enlargement due to disease affecting smooth muscle |
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6. What are the congenital anomalies of the urinary bladder?
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a. Divertculi
b. Extrophy c. Vesicoureteral reflux |
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7. What are the major types of cystitis?
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a. Hemorrhagic
b. Suppurative c. Follicular d. Eosinophilic |
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8. What are the ssx of cystitis?
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a. Urgency
b. Frequency c. Dysuria |
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9. What are the ssx of interstitial cystitis?
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a. Persistent urination, up to 60x per day
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10. How do you tx interstitial cystitis?
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a. Tricyclic antidepressants
b. Diet low in acidic foods c. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and sacral nerve stimulation implants d. OMM of pelvic floor |
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11. What is the histological hallmark of malacoplakia?
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a. Yellow, soft, plaque-like lesions
b. Foamy macrophages, lymphocytes, multinucleated giant cells c. Michaelis-Gutmann bodies d. PAS positive |
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12. What are the etiologic agents of malacoplakia?
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a. E. coli
b. Proteus |
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13. What is the hallmark of cystitis cystica?
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a. Cyst-like spaces lined by urothelium-- invaginations of surface urothelium
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14. What is the hallmark of cystitis glandularis?
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a. Intestinal metaplasia in cyst-like space in the bladder
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1. What is the clinical significance of cystitis glandularis?
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a. Increased risk of adenocarincoma of bladder
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16. What is the significance of inverted papilloma?
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a. Tendency to recur
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1. What are the benign neoplasms of the bladder?
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a. Papilloma/inverted papilloma
b. Villous adenoma c. Leiomyoma |
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18. What are the malignant neoplasms of the bladder?
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a. **Urothelial carcinoma**
b. SS carcinoma c. Adenocarcinoma d. Sarcomas |
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19. What cancer makes up 90% of all bladder cancer?
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a. Urothelial carcinoma
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20. What are the risk factors for urothelial carcinoma?
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a. Smoking
b. Arylamines c. Long-term analgesic use d. Schistosomal infections |
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1. What are the risk factors for squamous cell cancer of the bladder?
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a. Schistosomal infections
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22. What is also known as sarcoma botryoides?
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a. Rhabdomyosarcoma
b. Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma |
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23. What are the usual sites of origin of metastases to the bladder?
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a. Cervix
b. Uterus c. Ovary d. Prostate e. Colon/rectum |
