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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define urbanisation |
Process of urban growth, resulting in an increase in the proportion of people living in towns and cities. |
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Causes of urbanisation |
More opportunities in cities. Better paid jobs Better living conditions More shops Less travel |
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Push factors from rural areas |
Low wages despite long hours Less jobs Longer commute to work Poorer living conditions. Fewer public conveniences No public transport
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Pull factors to urban areas |
More opportunities More jobs with higher wages Better jobs More services More public transport Less travel |
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Burgess model -1920s |
Rings of different areas. Doesn't take into account other cities/geographical area features. Before mass car ownership Based on American cities Old |
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Hoyt model-1940s |
Based on Burgess model Sectors follow main road Doesn't take into account physical land features or cities growing around them |
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CBD (central business district) |
Usually located at the site of original settlement. Contains main shops and leisure and entertainment facilities. Around the edge-professional offices
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Inner city |
Used to include lots of manufacturing industries but these have now closed down. Small terraced housing-few green spaces. Many redeveloped with new upmarket flats. Popular with young adults. |
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Inner suburbs |
Larger houses with gardens Some shops and parks |
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Outer suburbs |
New houses and housing estates New shopping centres Parks |
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Rural-urban fringe |
Edge of the city-almost in the country New housing estate being built Retail and leisure parks Villages ad fields Recreational facilities |
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Inner city developments |
1960s and 1970s-local authorities tried to tackle the growing population by rplacing terraced houses with tower blocks. |
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Why tower blocks?
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Cheap to build. Provide a large number of dwelling in a small space. |
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Problems with tower blocks |
Poor ventilation Pollution Stairs(difficult for elderly+kids+disabled access) Noise Poorly built Traffic High crime rates |
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Barclay's bikes-London |
You can go to a docking station and ride away with a bike after hiring it. First 30 mins free. After that, it's £2 every half hour you ride Return in 24 hours or be fined up to £300 Type in release code to get bike |
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Shanty town |
Squatter settlement which appears in an area were there were no houses previously |
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Squatter settlement |
Where people live in small,poorly built houses illegally. |
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Where are squatter settlements located and why? |
On the edge of developing world cities because many poor people move from rural to urban areas in hope of a better life.However, they can't afford to live in the city, so they live in squatter settlements |
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Informal sector |
Poeple work for themselves |
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Pros of working in the informal sector |
No taxes Free choice of jobs Self-employed |
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Cons of working in the informal sector |
No regular wage No contract No pension or health and safety protection No health insurance |
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Where are the most expensive houses found and why? |
Rural urban fringe-because it's more desirable. There are larger detached houses, more green spaces and less traffic. However, they're still close to shops,attractions and public services (like healthcare). |
