Upper Limb

Front 1

Pectoral girdle

Back 1

the bony ring, incomplete posteriorly, formed by the scapulae and clavicles, which is completed anteriorly by the manubrium of the sternum. • It is supported by axio-appendicular muscles

Front 2

Arm

Back 2

the part between the shoulder andelbow containing the humerus

Front 3

Forearm

Back 3

the part between elbow and wrist containing the ulna and radius

Front 4

Hand

Back 4

the part of the upper limb distal tothe forearm containing the carpus,metacarpus, and phalanges.

Front 5

Clavicle

Back 5

A doubly curved long bone, has two ends.

sternal end and lateral (acromial) end

Front 6

sternal end

Back 6

articulates with the manubrium of the sternum at the sternoclavicular joint •

Front 7

lateral end or acrominal end

Back 7

articulates with the acromion of the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint

Front 8

Clavical Bone function

Back 8

• Connects the upper limb tothe trunk

• Serves as a strut fromwhich the scapula and freelimb are suspended

• Transmits shocks from theupper limb to the axialskeleton

Front 9

sternal facet of clavicle

Back 9

articulates with manubrium of the sternum to formsternoclavicular joint

Front 10

acromial facet of clavicle

Back 10

in the lateral end articulates with acromion of thescapula to form acromioclavicular joint

Front 11

Deltoid tubercle of the clavicle

Back 11

for the attachment of the deltoid muscle

Front 12

Conoid tubercle of the clavicle

Back 12

gives attachment to the conoid ligament

Front 13

Subclavian groove of the clavicle

Back 13

is the site of attachment of the subclavius muscle

Front 14

Impression of the clavicle

Back 14

for costoclavicular ligament that binds the 1st rib to the clavicle

Front 15

Trapezoid line of the clavicle

Back 15

to which the trapezoid ligament attaches

Front 16

Superior Clavicle

Back 16

Front 17

Inferior clavicle

Back 17

Front 18

Scapula

Back 18

A triangular flat bone, it lies on the posterolateral aspect of the thorax, overlying 2nd through 7th ribs, and forms pectoral girdle with clavicle

Front 19

2 surfaces of the scapula

Back 19

costal surface and posterior surface

Front 20

3 borders of the scapula

Back 20

superior, lateral (axillary border), and medial(vertebral border)

Front 21

Three angles of the scapula

Back 21

lateral, superior, and inferior

Front 22

three fossa of the scapula

Back 22

subscapular fossa, supraspinous fossa, and infraspinous fossa, provide attachments for fleshy muscles

spinous are weirdly on the posterior(outside) side

Front 23

Spine of the scapula

Back 23

a divides the posterior surface into a supraspinous fossa and infraspinous fossa

Front 24

Acromion

Back 24

landmark of point of the shoulder and articulates with the acromial end of the clavicle to form acromioclavicular joint

Front 25

Glenoid cavity

Back 25

is a shallow, concave, oval fossa, and articulates with the head of the humerus at glenohumeral joint (shoulder joint)

Front 26

Coracoid process of scapula

Back 26

provides attachment for ligaments

Front 27

Suprascapular notch

Back 27

notch before coracoid on the top of the scapula

Front 28

Head of the scapula

Back 28

posterior top of glenoid cavity

Front 29

Neck of the scapula

Back 29

posterior bottom of glenoid cavity

Front 30

Humerus points of articulation

Back 30

Articulates with thescapula at theglenohumeral(shoulder) joint and theradius and ulna at theelbow joint

Front 31

Proximal head of humerus

Back 31

articulates with glenoid cavity of the scapula at the glenohumeral (shoulder) joint

Front 32

Greater tubercle and lesser tubercle of the proximal humerus

Back 32

provide attachment andleverage to some scapulohumeral muscles

Front 33

anatomical neck of the proximal humerous

Back 33

separates the head from tubercles

Front 34

Surgical neck

Back 34

is the narrow part distal to the tubercles and is acommon fracture site

Front 35

Intertubercular groove (biceptital groove) of the proximal end of the humerus

Back 35

separates thegreater tubercle from the lesser tubercle

Front 36

Deltoid tuberosity of the proximal end of the humerus

Back 36

for attachment of the deltoid muscle

Front 37

radial groove of the proximal end of the humerus

Back 37

Posteriorly, the radial nerve and deep artery of the arm lie in...

Front 38

Supracondylar ridges of the distal humerus

Back 38

Small ridges on the lateral and medial sides by the neck

Front 39

Medial and lateral epicondyles

Back 39

provide for muscle attachment

Front 40

Coronoid fossa of the distal humerus

Back 40

receives the coronoid process of the ulna duringfull flexion of the elbow

Front 41

Radial fossa of the distal humerus

Back 41

accommodates the edge of the head of the radiuswhen the forearm is fully flexed

Front 42

Olecranon fossa

Back 42

accommodates the olecranon of the ulna during full extension on the posterior aspect

Front 43

condyle of the humerus

Back 43

made up of Epicondyles, trochlea, capitulum, olecranon, coronoid, andradial fossae

Front 44

two articular surfaces of the condyle fo the humerus

Back 44

lateral capitulum for articulation with the head of the radius

A medial trochlea for articulation with the trochlear notch ofthe ulna

Front 45

Ulna (proximal end)

Back 45

It articulates with humerus and radius at its proximal end

Proximal end has two projections

• olecranon

- coronoid

Front 46

Trochlear notch of the proximal end of the ulna

Back 46

articulates with thetrochlea of the humerus

Front 47

Radial notch of the proximal end of the ulna

Back 47

articulates with the head ofthe radius

Front 48

Tuberosity of the ulna

Back 48

for attachment ofthe tendon of the biceps brachii muscle

Front 49

supinator crest of the ulna

Back 49

ridge on medial aspect of ulna

Front 50

supinator fossa of the ulna

Back 50

valley on medial aspect of ulna

Front 51

Ulna (distal end)

Back 51

has head of ulna, ulnar styloidprocess.

The ulna does not articulate directly with the carpal bones

Front 52

Radius

Back 52

it is the lateral and shorter of the two forearm bones articulates with humerus at its proximal end, with carpus at its distal end, and with ulna at its proximal and distal end

Front 53

Head of radius articulation

Back 53

articulates with thecapitulum of the humerus, mediallywith the radial notch of the ulna

Front 54

ulnar notch

Back 54

distal end, raduis accommodates the head of the ulna.

Front 55

radial styloid process

Back 55

is largerand longer than the ulnar styloidprocess, at the distal end

Front 56

# of bones in the hand

Back 56

at least 27

Front 57

3 types of bones in the hand

Back 57

carpal bones, metacarpal bones and phalanges

Front 58

Carpus (wrist)

Back 58

The skeleton of the wrist – the carpus: eight carpal bones arranged in two rows of four each, proximal and distal

Front 59

Proximal bones of the wrist from thumb to pinky

Back 59

scaphoid, a boat-shaped bone, articulates proximally with the radius

lunate, a moon-shaped bone, articulates proximally with the radius

triquetrum, a three-cornered pyramidal bone, articulates proximally with the articular disc of the distal radioulnar joint

Pisiform, a small bean-shaped bone, lies on the palmar surface of the triquetrun

Front 60

Distal bones of the wrist from the thumb to pinky

Back 60

Distal row: The proximal surfaces of the distal row of bones articulate with the proximal row of carpals, and their distal surfaces articulate with the metacarpals

Trapezium is a four-side bone

Trapezoid is a wedge shaped bone

Capitate has a rounded head

Hamate has a hooked process

Front 61

Metacarpus

Back 61

five metacarpal bones, is the skeleton of the palm of the hand between the carpus and phalanges Each metacarpal consists of a body and two ends

Front 62

heads of metacarpals

Back 62

(distal ends) articulate with theproximal phalanges.

Front 63

bases of the metacarpals

Back 63

(proximal end) articulate with the carpal bones

Front 64

Phalanges

Back 64

Each digit has three phalanges (proximal, middle, distal) except for the first, which has only two Each phalanx has a base proximally, a head distally, and a body between the base and the head