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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Scientific Method? |
The scientific method is a logical process of problem-solving applied in all sciences. |
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What are the steps of the scientific method? |
1. Identify the area of research and form a research aim 2. Collect information 3. Identify the research question and formulate hypothesis 4. Design a research method to test the hypothesis 5. Collect and analyse the data 6. Draw a conclusion - accept or reject the hypothesis 7. Report findings (8. Test the conclusion) |
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What is a variable? |
A variable is a quantity or quality that can be different at different times or in a different place. |
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What is an independent variable? |
Is deliberately manipulated or varied in some way by the experimenter |
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What is a dependent variable? |
Is the property that is measured in the research (it's value depends on the IV) |
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What is an extraneous variable? |
A variable other than the IV that could cause changes in the value of the DV - they are undesirable |
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What is a confounding variable? |
A variable other than the IV that has a systematic effect on the value of the DV (research is usually a waste of time when one exists) |
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Define operationalisation |
A variable that is stated in terms that show how it is measured |
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What is a hypothesis? |
A clear statement predicting how changes in the IV will affect the value of the DV and state the population about which the researcher intends to draw conclusions |
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Define population |
The group we wish to draw conclusions on |
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Define sample |
The participants chosen to represent the population |
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What are the two procedures used for sampling? |
Random sampling and Stratified (random) sampling |
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What is random sampling? |
A sampling procedure in which every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected |
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What is Stratified sampling? |
A process by which the effects of a certain variable can be eliminated as a possible confound in an experiment |
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What is the experimental group? |
The group exposed to the IV |
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What is the control group? |
The group not exposed to the IV and is used for a comparison to E-group |
