Ultimate Science Final Exam Review

Front 1

the muscle contractions that push food through the esophagus and the digestive tract

Back 1

Peristalsis

Front 2

the receiving chambers of the heart

Back 2

Atria

Front 3

the pumping chambers of the heart

Back 3

Ventricles

Front 4

the slimy substance that coats and protects the stomach and other parts of the digestive system

Back 4

Mucus

Front 5

the finger-like structures that make it possible for the small intestine to absorb a lot of nutrients (they increase the surface area)

Back 5

Villi

Front 6

carry blood toward the heart

Back 6

Veins

Front 7

carry blood away from the heart

Back 7

Arteries

Front 8

the place where substances are exchanged with body cells

Back 8

Capillaries

Front 9

carry oxygen to body cells

Back 9

Red Blood Cells

Front 10

the flap of tissue that closes off the trachea when you swallow your food

Back 10

Epiglottis

Front 11

tiny air sacs in the lungs where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged with the capillaries

Back 11

Alveoli

Front 12

Maintaining stable internal conditions no matter what is going on outside. Give examples

Back 12

Homeostasis
Ex. Body temperature, water balance

Front 13

the movement of any substance from areas of high concentration to low concentration

Back 13

Diffusion

Front 14

the movement of water from areas of high concentration to low concentration

Back 14

Osmosis

Front 15

controls what goes in and out of the cell

Back 15

Cell Membrane

Front 16

another name for cell parts

Back 16

Organelles

Front 17

the factor in an experiment that changes

Back 17

Variable

Front 18

recorded observations from an experiment (measurements)

Back 18

Data

Front 19

an educated guess as to the solution to a problem

Back 19

Hypothesis

Front 20

the study of life

Back 20

Biology

Front 21

involves one parent whose offspring are genetically identical to itself

Back 21

Asexual Reproduction

Front 22

the handing down of traits through chromosomes from parent to offspring

Back 22

Heredity

Front 23

when a living organism is dependent on something else for its survival

Back 23

Interdependence

Front 24

the outermost layer of skin

Back 24

Epidermis

Front 25

joins bone to bone

Back 25

Ligament

Front 26

muscle tissue only found in the heart

Back 26

Cardiac Muscle

Front 27

What are the functions of the skeletal system?

Back 27

1. Provide shape and support
2. Allow movement
3. Protect vital organs
4. Store calcium and phosphorous
5. Produce blood cells

Front 28

Describe digestion from beginning to end. (Where does it start, what happens in each part of the system, and where does it end?)

Back 28

1. Mouth-both mechanical (chewing) and chemical (saliva) digestion
2.Pharynx-food moves past the epiglottis into the esophagus
3. Esophagus-peristalsis squeezes the food down this tube to the stomach
4. Stomach-churns and mixes food with digestive juices
5. Small Intestine-mocst chemical digestion and absorption of nutrients takes place here
6.Large Intestine-water is absorbed from the wastes
7. Rectum-feces is compacted
8. Anus-feces exits the body

Front 29

Describe the flow of blood carried through the circulatory system. (Where is the blood oxygenated, when does it carry carbon dioxide, which chambers are the pumping chambers and which just receive blood, where does the blood go from each chamber?)

Back 29

1. Right Atrium-deoxygentated blood enters the heart from the body
2. Right Ventricle-deoxygenated blood is pumped to the lungs
3. Then. . .an artery carries it to the lungs and carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen in the capillaries of the lungs and a vein carries it back to the heart
4. Left Atrium-oxygenated blood enters the heart from the lungs
5. Left Ventricle-oxygenated blood is pumped to the body (contracts with most force)
6.Then. . .an artery carries it to the body and oxygen is exchanged for carbon dioxide in the capillaries of the body and a vein carries it back to the heart

Front 30

What are the functions fo the cardiovascular (circulatory) system?

Back 30

1. Carries needed materials to the body
2. Carries waste products away from the body
3. Carries disease fighters to the body

Front 31

What is the function or role of the respiratory system?

Back 31

To bring oxygen and remove carbon dioxide and a little bit of water.

Front 32

What carries needed materials to the body?

Back 32

blood

Front 33

What happens inside your body when you are in need of oxygen?

Back 33

Your heart rate increases

Front 34

Where are materials exchanged between the blood and the body cells?

Back 34

In the capillaries

Front 35

List the steps of the Scientific Method in order.

Back 35

1. Problem
2. Background information
3. Hypothesis
4. Experimentation
5. Collecting Data
6. Conclusion

Front 36

What system do scientists use to measure? (be able to measure an object)

Back 36

metric system

Front 37

6 characteristics of living things

Back 37

1. interdependence
2. made up of cells
3. they respond to their environment
4. they maintain homeostasis
5. they reproduce
6. heredity

Front 38

List the 4 organic compounds.

Back 38

1. carbohydrates
2. proteins
3. lipids
4. amino acids

Front 39

List the levels of organization in order from smallest to largest.

Back 39

1. cell
2. tissue
3. organ
4. organ system

Front 40

What type of tissue makes up your bones?

Back 40

Connective tissue