Thorax/lungs

Front 1

Angle of Louis

Back 1

The sternal angle b/w the manubrium and the body of the sternum

Front 2

Anterior axillary line (AAL):

Back 2

The line from front that starts at the axillary pit and runs vertically

Front 3

Costal angle

Back 3

The angle of the rib cage.

Front 4

Costal margin

Back 4

The margins of the ribs bilaterally.

Front 5

Intercostals space (ICS)

Back 5

The space b/w the ribs. IE- the 5th intracostals space.

Front 6

Manubrium

Back 6

any handle-shaped structure.

Front 7

Midaxillary line (MAL):

Back 7

The line b/w the posterior axillary line and the Anterior axillary line. Start at the arm pit and downward to the crust of the hip bone.

Front 8

Midclavicular line (MCL)

Back 8

RT/LT The point of the 1st rib (vertically) downward via nipple to the groin and femoral artery site.

Front 9

Midsternal line (MSL)

Back 9

The line center to the chin-thyroid cartilage-trachea to the naval

Front 10

Posterior axillary line (PAL):

Back 10

Same as Anterior , but refers to the back

Front 11

Scapular line

Back 11

The line that runs thru the scapula downward to the buttocks.

Front 12

Suprasternal notch

Back 12

The notch at the top of thesternum , and at the bottom of the trachea.

Front 13

Vertebra prominence

Back 13

A prominence on any of the 33 vertebra of the spinal colum.

Front 14

Xiphoid process

Back 14

The smallest of the three sternal bones, articulating caudally with the body of the sternum and laterally with the 7th rib.

Front 15

Barrel chest

Back 15

chest that is rounded as in inspiration and has no apparent movement during respiration.

Front 16

kyphosis

Back 16

exaggeration or angulation of normal posterior curve of spine.

Front 17

Lordosis

Back 17

abnormal anterior convexity of the spine.

Front 18

Pectus carinatum

Back 18

abnormal prominence of the sternum.

Front 19

Pectus excavatum:

Back 19

congenital condition in which sternum is abnormally depressed

Front 20

Rachitic rosary

Back 20

palpable areas at the site of joining of the ribs to their cartilages. This is seen in conjunction with rickets.

Front 21

scoliosis

Back 21

lateral curvature of the spine.

Front 22

Adventitious sounds

Back 22

Breath sounds that are not normally heard, such as crackles or ronchi.

Front 23

.Apnea

Back 23

: temporary cessation of breathing.

Front 24

.Asthma

Back 24

paroxysmal dyspnea accompanied by wheezing caused by a spasm of the bronchial tubes or by swelling of their mucous membrane.

Front 25

Atelectasis

Back 25

condition in which lungs of a fetus remain unexpanded at birth. May be partial or total.

Front 26

Bronchiectasis

Back 26

chronic dilatation of a bronchus or bronchi, with a secondary infection that usually involves the lower portion of the lung.

Front 27

Bronchitis

Back 27

inflammation of mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes.

Front 28

Cheyne-Stokes

Back 28

a common and bizarre breathing pattern characterized by a period of apnea lasting 10 to 60 seconds followed by gradually increasing depth and frequency of respirations.

Front 29

Consolidation

Back 29

the act of becoming solid. Esp. used in connection with the solidification of the lungs due to pathological engorgement of the lung tissues as occurs in acute pneumonia.

Front 30

Crackle

Back 30

A fine bubbling sound heard on auscultation of the lung.

Front 31

Crepitation/crepitus

Back 31

a crackling sound heard in certain diseases, as the rale heard in pneumonia

Front 32

Dyspnea

Back 32

air hunger resulting in labored or difficult breathing, sometimes accompanied by pain.

Front 33

Emphysema

Back 33

pathological distention of tissues by gas or air in the interstices.

Front 34

Fremitus: tactile/vocal:

Back 34

.the vibration or thrill felt while the patient is speaking and the hand is held against the chest.
Vibrations of the voice transmitted to the ear on auscultation of the chest of a person speaking.

Front 35

Hyperpnea

Back 35

an increased respiratory rate or breathing that is deeper than that usually experienced during normal activity.

Front 36

Hyperresonance

Back 36

increased resonance produced when the area is percussed.

Front 37

.Hyperventilation

Back 37

hyperpnea as occurs in forced respiration; increased inspiration and expiration of air as a result of increase in rate or depth of respiration, or both.

Front 38

Kussmaul’s breathing

Back 38

very deep gasping type of respiration associated with severe diabetic acidosis and coma.

Front 39

Orthopnea

Back 39

respiratory condition in which there is discomfort in breathing in any but erect sitting or standing position.

Front 40

Pleural friction rub

Back 40

Develops when the pleural cavity fills with fluid and the rids and lungs rub with each inhalation and exhalation

Front 41

Pneumothorax

Back 41

a collection of air or gas in the pleural cavity. The gas enters as the result of a perforation through the chest wall or the pleura covering the lung.

Front 42

Resonance

Back 42

Quality of sound heard on percussion of a hollow structure such as the chest or abdomen

Front 43

Rhonchus/rhonchi

Back 43

a rale or rattling in the throat, esp. when it resembles snoring

Front 44

Stridor

Back 44

harsh sound during respiration; high pitched and resembling the blowing of wing, due to obstruction of air passages.

Front 45

Tachypnea

Back 45

abnormal rapidity of respiration

Front 46

wheeze:

Back 46

whistling or sighing sound resulting from narrowing of the lumen of a respiratory passageway.