Thoracic And Abdominal Walls - Boundaries And Muscles

Front 1

What is the purpose of the thorax?

Back 1

- Respiration

- Return of venous blood to heart (respiration produces a negative pressure)

- Protection of organs within

Front 2

Name the contents of the thorax.

Back 2

- Heart

- Lungs

- Aorta and branches

- Trachea and primary bronchi

- Sympathetic trunks

- Ayzgos and hemiazygos venous system

Front 3

Name the muscles of the thoracic wall.

Back 3

- External intercostals

- Internal intercostals

- Innermost intercostals

- Transverse thoracis

- Subcostal

- Serratus anterior (pectoral region)

- Pectoralis major (pectoral region)

- Pectoralis minor (pectoral region)

Front 4

External intercostals
O & I

Back 4

O: inferior border of ribs

I: superior border of ribs below

Front 5

External intercostals
Innervation

Back 5

intercostals (T1-11)

Front 6

External intercostals
Vasculature

Back 6

intercostal

Front 7

External intercostals
Main Action

Back 7

elevate ribs

Front 8

Internal intercostals
O & I

Back 8

O: inferior border of ribs

I: superior border of ribs below

Front 9

Internal intercostals
Innervation

Back 9

intercostals (T1-11)

Front 10

Internal intercostals
Vasculature

Back 10

intercostal

Front 11

Internal intercostals
Main Action

Back 11

depress ribs

Front 12

Innermost intercostals
O & I

Back 12

O: inferior border of ribs

I: superior border of ribs below

Front 13

Innermost intercostals
Innervation

Back 13

intercostals (T1-11)

Front 14

Innermost intercostals
Vasculature

Back 14

intercostal

Front 15

Innermost intercostals
Main Action

Back 15

elevate ribs

Front 16

Transverse thoracis
O & I

Back 16

O: int. costal cartilage 2-6

I: posterior lower sternum

Front 17

Transverse thoracis
Innervation

Back 17

intercostals

Front 18

Transverse thoracis
Vasculature

Back 18

intercostal

Front 19

Transverse thoracis
Main Action

Back 19

depress ribs

Front 20

Subcostal
O & I

Back 20

O: int. lower ribs near angles

I: superior borders of 2-3 ribs below

Front 21

Subcostal
Innervation

Back 21

subcostal

Front 22

Subcostal
Vasculature

Back 22

intercostal

Front 23

Subcostal
Main Action

Back 23

elevate ribs

Front 24

Arrangement of neurovascular structures

Back 24

VAN
(vein > artery > nerve)

- superior to inferior

- toward bottom of rib

- between internal intercostal and innermost intercostal

Front 25

Where is the abdomen?

Back 25

Under the diaphragm to the pelvic inlet

Front 26

What are the contents of the abdomen?

Back 26

- External oblique

- Internal oblique

- Transverus abdominis

- Rectus abdominis

- Pyramidalis

Front 27

External oblique
O & I

Back 27

O: ext. ribs 5-12

I:
1) linea alba
2) pubic tubercle
3) anterior 1/2 iliac crest

Front 28

External oblique
Innervation

Back 28

inferior 6 thoracic (T7-12)

subcostal

Front 29

External oblique
Vasculature

Back 29

superior and inferior epigastric

circumflex iliac

Front 30

External oblique
Main Action

Back 30

- flex. and contralaterally rotate trunk

- compress and support abdominal viscera

Front 31

Internal oblique
O & I

Back 31

O:
1) thoracolumbar fascia
2) anterior 2/3 iliac crest
3) lateral 1/2 inguinal ligament

I:
1) inf. ribs 10-12
2) linea alba
3) pubis

Front 32

Internal oblique
Innervation

Back 32

anterior rami of inf. 6 thoracic (T7-12)

1st lumbar

Front 33

Internal oblique
Vasculature

Back 33

superior and inferior epigastric

circumflex iliac

Front 34

Internal oblique
Main Action

Back 34

- flex and ipsilaterally rotate trunk

- compress and support abdominal viscera

Front 35

Transversus abdominis
O & I

Back 35

O:
1) int. costal cartilages 7-12
2) thoracolumbar fasica
3) iliac crest
4) lateral 1/3 inguinal ligament

I:
1) linea alba
2) pubic crest
3) pubis

Front 36

Transversus abdominis
Innervation

Back 36

anterior rami of inf. 6 thoracic (T7-12)

1st lumbar

Front 37

Transversus abdominis
Vasculature

Back 37

superior and inferior epigastric

circumflex iliac

Front 38

Transversus abdominis
Main Action

Back 38

compress and support abdominal viscera

Front 39

Rectus abdominis
O & I

Back 39

O:
1) pubic symphysis
2) pubic crest

I:
1) xiphoid process
2) costal cartilages 5-7

Front 40

Rectus abdominis
Innervation

Back 40

anterior rami of inf. 5-6 thoracic (T7-12)

Front 41

Rectus abdominis
Vasculature

Back 41

superior and inferior epigastric

Front 42

Rectus abdominis
Main Action

Back 42

- flexes trunk

- compresses abdominal viscera

Front 43

Pyramidalis
O & I

Back 43

O:
1)pubis
2) pubic symphysis

I: linea alba

Front 44

Pyramidalis
Innervation

Back 44

T12

Front 45

Pyramidalis
Vasculature

Back 45

inferior epigastric

Front 46

Pyramidalis
Main Action

Back 46

tenses linea alba

Front 47

What is the rectus sheath?

Back 47

Long fibrous sheath enclosing rectus abdominis and pyramidalis mm.

Front 48

Name the contents of the rectus sheath

Back 48

- anterior rami of lower 6 thoracic nerves

- superior and inferior epigastric vessels

- lymph vessels

Front 49

What are the levels of the rectus sheath?

Back 49

- above costal margin

- between costal margin and level of ASIS

- between level of ASIS and pubis

Front 50

What are the contents of the posterior abdominal wall?

Back 50

- lumbar vertebrae and intervertebral disks

- 12th pair of ribs

- ilium

- muscles: psoas major, quadratus lumborum, transversus
abdominis, iliacus

Front 51

Psoas major
O & I

Back 51

O:
1) sides of T12-L5 vertebrae
2) transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae
3) upper 2/3 of iliac fossa
4) upper lateral sacrum

I: lesser trochanter of femur

Front 52

Psoas major
Innervation

Back 52

anterior rami of L1-3(4) (femoral nerve)

Front 53

Psoas major
Vasculature

Back 53

medial femoral circumflex

Front 54

Psoas major
Main Action

Back 54

- flexes the hip
- flexes trunk

Front 55

Iliacus
O & I

Back 55

O:
1) sides of T12-L5 vertebrae
2) transverse processes of all lumbar vertebrae
3) upper 2/3 of iliac fossa
4) upper lateral sacrum

I: lesser trochanter of femur

Front 56

Iliacus
Innervation

Back 56

anterior rami of L1-3(4) (femoral nerve)

Front 57

Iliacus
Vasculature

Back 57

medial femoral circumflex

Front 58

Iliacus
Main Action

Back 58

flexes the hip

Front 59

What is the dividing line for the thorax and abdomen?

Back 59

The diaphragm

Front 60

Quadratus lumborum
O & I

Back 60

O:
1) iliolumbar ligament
2) transverse process L5
3) int. lip of iliac crest

I:
1) medial 1/2 inferior border rib 12
2) tips of lumbar transverse processes

Front 61

Quadratus lumborum
Innervation

Back 61

anterior branches of T12-L4

Front 62

Quadratus lumborum
Vasculature

Back 62

lumbar from abdominal aorta

Front 63

Quadratus lumborum
Main Action

Back 63

- extends vertebral column

- laterally flexes vertebral column

- stabilizes 12th rib during inspiration

- cause hip hiking (pulling ipsilateral pelvis upward)